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THREE TIMES AT BRINK OF WAR: 
HOW OOLL ES GAMBLED AND WON 

SOUTHWEST ARTS AND SKILLS 




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And think of the adniirinp looks you ll get. 
hiiTumc nolires a tan! 

Jusl |int your (i-K Sunlamp into any 
standard AC light socket, read the simple 
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and relax for the lime specified. 

\ plowinp tan can give your spirits a won- 
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and star! your Ian Imlay. 

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ELECTRIC 



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CORPORATION 



LIFE LIFE is published weekly by TIME Inc., 540 N. Micliioan Ave., Chicago 11. III. Printed in U. S. A. Entered as Mcond-claas matter November 16, 1936 at the Postollice at ChicaBO. Volume 40 

Januao- 16. 1956 III. under llie act of March 3, 1879. Authoriied by Post OlTice Department, Ottawa. Canada, aa aceond-claiis matter. SiibscriptionB »ti.75 a year in U. S. A.: $7.25 in Canada. Number 3 



January 16, 1956 



REG. U.S. MT. OTP. 



The prince and the queen 

Two famous families, the bricklaying 
Kellys of Pfiiladelphia and tfie royal 
Grimaldis of Monte Carlo, unite as 
Film Queen Grace gets engaged. 




PRINCE AND BETROTHED 



COVER 

Anita Ekberg, a Swedish beauty, on location as Princess Heien* 
in Italian production of "War and Peace" (see pp. 90-98) 

THE WEEK S EVENTS 

A most eligible prince and a reigning movie queen are engaged 
— a romance that's got everything 



Nation's No. 2 heart case, Lyndon Johnson, returns to active 
work as Senate majority leader 



A rabble-rousing newcomer, Pierre Poujade, becomes the 

symbol of France's political impasse 26 



34 



A Look at the World's Week 



41 



Heritage of the Southwest 

Part VII of America's Arts and Skills 
shows how the unique style of an ear- 
lier Spanish-Indian way of life persists 
In U.S. today. 



Three close calls for peace 

Now it can be told that Secretary of 
State John Foster Dulles took a risk 
of atomic war three times in order to 
keep the peace. 



46 




TEXAS SADDLE OF 1860 




DULLES IN KOREA 



EDITORIAL 

state of the Union: Better 



SPORTS 



The winning ways of Willie Hartack: brains put baby-faced 

jockey at the lop. Photographed for LIFE by Eliot Elisofon 



MOVIES 



Malmo maid makes good; high-powered beauty and publicity 
land Anita Ekberg role in "War and Peace" 



33 



PHOTOGRAPHIC ESSAY 

America's Arts and Skills, Part VII: The timeless Southwest — 
a blending of old cultures has shaped Its style. 
Photographed for LIFE by Eliot Elisofon 46 

ARTICLE 

How Dulles averted war: three times, new disclosures show, ha 
brought U.S. back from the brink. By James Shepley, Chief. 
TIME-LIFE Washington Bureau 7Q 

LITERATURE 

Was Will Will? Portrait, it is claimed. Indicates Marlowe was 

Shakespeare 53 



84 



Willie's winning ways 

Baby-faced Willie Hartack, top jockey of 
the year, won more races than any other 
rider by outthinking as well as outriding 
his rivals. 




PARTY 

A grand night for Helen: supershiny assemblage of stage notables 

celebrates Miss Hayes's 50 years In show business IQl 

OTHER DEPARTMENTS 

Letters to the Editors g 
Speaking of Pictures: best big basketballer. Bill Russell, Is 

on view 12 



Miscellany: bird in Mrs. Hubbard's cupboard 



104 



HARTACK 5 HANDS 



Fast rise of a star 

Anita Ekberg of Malmo, Miss Sweden 
of 1951, parlays peerless beauty and a 
professional publicity campaign Into 
a promising career in the movies. 

Fast rise of rabble rouser 

France's ill-starred elections reap a 
whirlwind of confusion, including a 
sizable and disruptive force under the 
tax hater, Pierre Poujade. 




"WAR AND PEACE" STAR 



26 



POUJADE WITHOUT SHIRT 



'I'lic ffillowing list shows ihc sources from which pictures were gathered. 
(T<*ilits arc separated frum left lo right by commas, lop to bottom by dashes. 



COVER— JAMES WHITMORE 
Z— HOWARD SOCHUREK— ELIOT aiSOFON— JOHN PARK 
-ELIOT ELISOFON-JAHES WHITMORE— FRANCE - 
DIMAKCHE 
I— DMITRI KESSEL. WILLIAM WOLLIN 

LT. PAlNriNG IT RALPH FALLEN COLEMAN 
11-PAUL SCHUTZER 

II-N.V. DAILY MIRROR FHOH INT.. PAUL SCHUTZER 

14— PAUL SCHUTZER 

17 -HOWARD SOCHUREK 

It, t>-PNN CONSULATE GENERAL OF MONACO: IT. 

PHILIP GCNDREAU-ZALEWSKI FirOM RAPHO-GUIL- 

LUHCTTE. B.S.-HANS WILD 
». II— INT., MO CiSDiT. rNT.. CULVER (H, EUROPEAN (!), 

F P G — PHOTO-CBAFTERS, SAM NOCELLA, INT. - 

GEORGE KARGER from PIX. T. WEBERS FROM GILLOOH 

AGENCY: DETAILLE. MONTE CARLO FROM CONSULATE 

GENERAL OF MONACO 
22-LT. PHILIPPE HAL5MAN: RT. ED QUINN FROM GLOBE - 

PARIS-MATCH (I* 
21 -INT-, EARL LEAF FROM KELPIX. K.P.A.—PARIS-MATCH 

-PARIS-MATCH, M-G-M- 
24. 25— RALPH MORSE EKC. T. CEN. HOWARD SOCHUREK 
2i -LATTES. PARIS-MATCH. JACQUES I>E POTIER roi 

PARIS-MATCH 
27— FRANCE-DIMANCHE; RT. PARIS-MATCH 
21— T. PARIS'MATCH (2): WT. DORKA FOR JOURS OE 

rRANCE, AGIP 
U. 15— RALPH MORSE EXC- T. BT. A.P. 
W-RALPH MORSE 

UP- INT. 



42 U P. -SAN FRANCISCO NEWS TMt U.P. 
44— COORDINATION— BOB HENRIOUES 

4*-T, PI. COeRTEST MRS. LOIS HELD: ROT. ttJ. COURTESr 

CORNELIA GLEED THOMPSON 
51. 5»-T. RT. COURTCIT MR. AND MRS. LOUIS MAGEE: 



MT. RT. COURIEST MR. AND MRS. ARTHUR MAROUHTE 

Sl-COURTEST ROYCROFT INM 

6]-x:euRTEiT CALVIN HOFFMAN: EDWARD LEIGH COVB- 
TEST CORPUS CHRIsn COLLEGE. CAMBRIDGE U». 
VERSITY 

U -U P.— COURTCtY JULIAN HE5SNER. INC. 

n, 7t— T. U P.. MEEK. NAtAYANA SWAN) FOR USIS. 

CUMHWIYET. U.P.. FRANK SCNERSCHEL. NO CREDIT. 
WALTER BENNETT FOR TIME. LARRY BURROWS. 
GILBERT A MILNE, INTERCONTINENTALE. U P . A P.~ 
CEN, HORACE BRISTOL -U P . «<P tT C. ARTHUR ROS- 
SES: RT. A.P.-CARL MYDANS: ROT U P., A.P . lATTtS. 
INT.. JOE SCHERSCHEL. DAVID DOUGLAS DUNCAR. 
U.P.. A.P.. DAVID DOUGLAS DUNCAN HARCE SHACK* 
LETON FOR CAPITAL PRESS SERVICE. LISA LARSER. 
rtNNO JACOBS HOWARD SOCHUREK. A.P. 

72-iOHN PARK. SERVICE PRESSE INFOIMAtlOH. 
HOWARD SOCHUREK 

t;— HOWARD SOCHUREK 

TI-IHT. 

M— SILL WALLACE FMH N Y. DAILY NEWS 

M-PIERLUICI 

*I— KJT. PIX 

M— DON ORNITZ from GLOBE PHOTOS. STUDIO CONRAD 
COURTtlT INTERNATIONAL MAGUINE COLUHHA 
PICTURES 

H-JON BRENNElS-lOB WILLOUGHBY FROM CLOBE 

PHOTOS 
31— JAMES WHITMORE 
lOI-CiLEEN DARBY FROM C.H. 

101 LT. LISA LARSEH-EILEEN DARBY FROM G.H.— 
EILEEN DARBY FROM G.H : CE1 EILEEN DARBY FINW 
6.H. — fiLEEH DARBY FROM G H.-LISA LAHSEN: RT. 
DLEEN DARBY FROM C.H.— LISA LARSEN 

1D3 — EILEEN DARBY FROM G.H.- LISA LARSEH 

104~LOVALA LEE HUBBARD 



ABBREVIATIONS; BOT., BOTTOM: EXC , EXCEPT: LT.. LEFT RT , RIGHT: T., TOP: A.P.. ASSOCIATED PRESS: 
B.S. BLACK STAR: EUROPEAN, EUROPEAN PICTURE SERVICE: FPC . FREE LANCE PHOTOGRAPH- 
ERS GUILD: G.H.. GRAPHIC HOUSE; INT.. INTERNATIONAL: K P.A . KEYSTONE PRESS AGENCY: U.P, 
UNITED PRESS. THE ASSOCIATED PRESS IS EXCLUSIVELY ENTITLED TO THE REPUBLICATION WITHIN 
THE U.S. OF THE PICTURES HEREIN ORIGINATED OR OBTAINED FROM THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. 



2 



NOW-Through The Miracle of Long Play Records 

c.^pie*' FRENCH or SPANISH 

LANGUAGE COURSE 

Shshed from to mi 



ALSO: ITALIAN or GERMAN if you prefer 




Thanks to the miracle of 
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Q^^^ '1 can now Icarn to speak 
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The best proof of the extraordinary effec- 
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of the method used by the "Living 
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Sot Your Own Clots Hours) 

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Here's All You Need to 
FRENCH, SPANISH, ITALIAN 



Learn to Speak 

OR GERMAN FAST! 



4 Long-Playing Records Unique Companion Volumes 



"Thp entlri' roumr uf liiNtru<-tlim (40 coniiilcU' 
Bont4> I.H nontJiliiiHl In lUf^f four lons-phtylnE ^-i}^ 
"TIPM t\\*cn. You tii-nr iitid iMsNnrii' fuiiillliir with 
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that wilt iH-lp >'«ii to KprKk a foirliin liniKutiRe. 
Atid ttir rfrtvdn arr made nt pure, unbrraknblc 
Vioylitc tlittt can bp pliiyt^ over nnd over aculn. 



The c'omi>n'ln'i"-''lvi'('n>tw^.i(iiton 
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UVINO LANGUAGE COURSI, 100 Avenue of Amerlcat, New York 13, N. 

IN CANADA: 1184 Castlefield Avenue. Toronto 10, Ont 





"Living Language" 

Course Includes 
40 Lessons Recorded 
on 33-1/3 RPM L.P.'s- 
CONVERSATION 

MANUAL- 
COMMON USAGE 
DICTIONARY - 
Full $29.95 Value 
at TWO-THIRDS 

REDUCTION! 
You Save $20.00! 



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a 



Cc|. J ' alerial 




Competition gives us better values 

-we got a good buy on our TV set!" 



Inquiring Reporter: What do you folks think of the pro- 
posals in Congress that would ^rive regulated 
forms of transportation more freedom to price 
their services in competition with each other — 
and with unregulated trucks and barges, too? 

Husband: Well, we've just bought a new TV set at a 
very good price — with every stoi-e in town com- 
peting to give us the best value. Competition 
always gives us more for our money. 

Wife: Isn't there competitive pricing in transporta- 
tion, too? 



Inquiring Re|>orter: Not always. Present government 
regulations frequently require regulated carriers, 
such as all railroads and some trucks, to make 
freight rates higher than would otherwise be 
necessary — just to protect competing forms of 
transportation. 

Husband: I read about that. Didn't a Cabinet Com- 
mittee appointed by the President recommend a 
change? 

Inquiring Reporter: Yes. The Committee says that if 
each form of transportation were given the right 



to make rates related to its own costs and needs, 
everybody would benefit — including consumers 
like yourselves. 

Wife: I should think so. After all, freight charges ar» 
part of the cost of everything we buy. 

Husband: Like our new TV set, for example. Yes 

indeed, you can say we favor competitive freight 
rates ! 

For full information on this vital subject, write 
for booklet, "Why Not Let Competition Work?" 



Association of American Railroads 



QUO Transportation Building, Washington ff, D. C. 



lo Charles Munch, Coiiduclor of Uie BosLoii Symphony. . . 
to Arthur Fiedler^ Conductor of the Boston Pops.., 



BATON DESIGNED BY VAN 



ECF I. ARPELS 




A RATON WORTHY OF A TRULY MAGNIFICENT ORCHESTRA! 



RCA Victor salutes the brilliant 
Boston Symphony on its 
75th Annirersary with Jire 
great Diamontl Jubilee Albums! 



Here you see Frank M. Kolsoin. President of RCA, 
presenting a diamond studded baton to conductors 
Charles Munch and Arthur Fiedler in honor of the 
Boston Symphony's 75th Anniversary. And you, 
too, can share in this musical celebration w ith the 
latest and greatest RCA Victor "Boston"' albums. 



especially recorded for this diamond jubilee anni- 
versary. Hear them at your favorite record store! 



rcaVictor, 



Naiionillr AdvcriiMtl Price* 




All new! All in glorious "New Ortlioplionic" Higlf Fidelily 
Sound ! And only $3.98 for each 12" Long Play record . . . only 
$1.49 for each 45 EP record. Here are thrilling classics, 
performed by Charles Munch and the Boston Symphony; 



superb music in a lighter vein by Arthur Fiedler and the 
Boston Pops. Visit your dealer and enjoy these recordings of 
the magnificent *'Bo*lon" ... an orchestra sn versatile that it 
can change its whole personality with the flourish of a baton! 



Only 98^~worth S3.98. Historical Highlights of the Boston 
Symphony & Boston Pops. 12" Long Play Collector's item. 
Only 49<*~worlk SI. 49. 45 KP Story of the Boston Pops; 
with excerpts from Arthur Fiedler's sparkling repertoire. 




LT06-QAK-5EY8 



iterial 



Lady Borden ice cream Is extra- good 
LecauLse It^s made with, extra cream ! 





\l(K(REAM; 



Sae Bord*n'» n*w TV shows, "Th* pMpU'i Choie*" {wMkly) and *'Oat* With lift" (doily)- 



Hurry, tiurry: . . 
clierry tincies soori over! 



Borden's makes winter time cherry time but this very 
special chcrry-ripc treat will be in stores for just a 
few weeks ... so be sure vou don t miss it. 

l.adv liorden Lorraine Cherry is different because 
it's made with sweet juicv dark cherries . . . and it's 
cherry all the way through. 

You'll find it where you see the special Lady Borden 
sign that Elsie's holding. Look for it . . . enjoy it. 

If it's Borden's, it's got to be good ! 



^ lUStl by Ttie Uordrn Camiuny 



Cci aterial 



SEASON-ALL 



...makes 


steaks 

ch(M>S 


so many 

1 


y™ 
sti/affs 


soups 


nes mofe 




delicious 


poultry 


Jish 







^1 



1A( 



IV 



IIV: 



Re/iefo/ 

PAIN 

HEADACHE 
NEURALGIA 
NEURITIS 

STANBACK ii not a one inqiedimit 
ionnula . . . STANBACK combines 
saTerol medicoUy proven pcdn le- 
U*Ten into one easy to take dose. 

• • The added efiectiveness oi 
these MULTIPUS ingredients brinqs 
iaster, more complete relief easing 
amdety and tension usually accom- 
panying pain. . . . 



l»a STANtACK againil any 
preporofion you'v. .v.r vt9d . . . 

je. how much falter relief comet. 




LIFE 

Euiiou-i.n-Chikk Henrj" IS. Lm-v 

Phk.hidk.vt Roy K. Lnr^^en 

MANAGING EDITOR 

DEPUTY MANAGING EDITOR 

UoU-rt T. Flson 
ASSISTANT MANAGING EDITORS 

Pliilip II. WiK>Huri .Ir. 
(irarge P. Hunt 

Juhn K. JeMup..ClllKr KunoitlvL WuiTKH 

Cliarlct Tudor .'. .Akt l>lHEtT(»» 

JoMopli Kuflncr. i'op\ Khitoh 

Marian A. .Mui-Plmit. .CiiiKF oy KK»tAHLii 

ituy Mm-kland PitxraK Kditcih 

Ilutili MolTetl Natio.v\l A»r.\lR» 

(M-ni' Fariuer. . FoitticiN \i:w(» 

W illiam Juv (joltl Ahticlks 

Ki-iiiiptti Aia(-Luii>li t AaHlaTANTH to tii»: 
Dou:l1(1 UorriiiiiiEliulu f Man.^(;in(1 Kditok 
STAFF WRITERS: Ilvrborl Urean. ItoiitT 
UutiLTtiflil. KuluTt Couulilaii, 1:1111111.-1 
HiikIx'h. .I.>hu Onboriu-. KoIntI Wullut.-. 
PHOTOGRAPHIC STAFF: .Marirun i Huiirkc- 
Whit.-. IMxwinl Clurk, Hulpli CrafH-, Loumir. 
Dl'uii. .luhri Duiiiiiii.-. David ntiucia.- Diin- 
<^':ui. Alfn'd ]':i.<.eii>iuiilt, lAwl laiHufun. 
.1. H. IJyfrnuiM, N. K. Farbman. Ancln-a.s 
Feininitcr, AllH-rt Ft-uii, Frili Guru, Allan 
(;nint. Yiik- .iwl. Koberl W, Kelley. Dmitri 
Ki-."i-l. Walluf -u Kirklmid, Ia.-vh, 
Til. .11111- .M. Avov.U'onarti.McComI*. Fran- 
.1- .MiU.r. Hati.h Mofm-, farl Mydan*, (.Jur- 
dod I'urk". Micliuvl RuuKicr. Waller San- 
di-rs, Fruiik .1. StlH-nirhcl. Jw SfhL'r>i<-lifl, 
Ocoritc ."^itk, (leorge SkuildinE. Howard 
S<ifhiin-k, IVicr .*<liirki»<jlu, ( Ircy VilU'l, 
Hank Walker. 

AsHlKTANT I'ictfttE liwTOiui: Fniiik t'lini- 
liioii. Lutidon KniKlit. 

Film KmroRi*: MarKsret i^urueiit, Naney 
Braydori. Harlmra Brc'W-»HT. 
ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Kalpli Oravt.'., Wil- 
liam r. (irav. Murv Huiuniaii, John Jeiiki."- 
sun. S!dl\ Kirkliind. William .Miller. Tom 
iVi.l. iiuv .\h.r>hall Smilli. A. H. C. Wlupple. 
ASSISTANT EDITORS: WiUmm llrinkk-y. 
liurl Mro\w.. K..l>.-ri Cann-U-ll. CIiarlcB 
Cliiimi.iim .l.din Dillc. UoUri Drvw . Ttrr>- 
Dniikrr, l>tf IjliiiKun. \:in.y (K-nvt. 
.\|iiri.'l Hall. Kmio Hoi>l'iiiK. William Housc- 
iiiiiii, Kihsai'd Kern. Willi:iiii I-liiui)!!. Mary 
Li'itiliiTlitf. S'Ol Leuviti. .lariiej^ l.ipHcoiiilt. 
.IdIiii I.iittT, I'^leauur I'ari>h, Jmiepli Itoddj , 
\(iriii:iii ltw«*. Don Srhaiu'hi', David S<-ht'r- 
iiiiin. I >onillij- Seiherliriv. (.ieorjii' Shink->. 
.Mary Imu .Skinner, Daii.l Snell. .luhn 
Stanton. SlarKil Varna. \'alerie \'onder- 
midill, Donald Wihon. Wurn'U Vuuuk. 
REPORTERS: Virf^inia AddiMin. Rirhard 
.\ntliimy. l!;ii«il>elli Baker, -Mary Klitaltetli 
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Lt-1. .Margery BytTs. \ i\iau C'amplicU, Helen 
Curium. Anne Dennj', I.nura l-^eker, Tadd 
Fi^iier. lierry (mien, Kathleen Humpton. 
Terry Harnun. Judith Holden. Orayee 
lluruii, .Moiiic:l Home. I'atricia Html. Ali- 
i.ijn Kallumn. Nuriey Kinji. Kolwrt Mason, 
(iciirne -Mi-Cue, .hthn McDerniott, Joaiin 
Meijui-^ioit, JuuL .Nelhun. I.urettu Xelrjun. 
Sii>un NeiilK-ruer. ("lara N'ieolaj. Hlivila 
( )'( 'i.iintir. Pat-y I'arkin, Maya I'iiiew. >len- 
rii-ue liou-enhuru. -lane Sefiull. Kathlt^-ii 
^^hitriiill. Hu^h Sidey. Jeuiinv flahl. Muriuti 
Siciiiiiiann. Taltunu SlraKe, .lean Slnmt;. 
.\iariun Taylor. Da vim Thomas. I.iiey 
Thoiiiu-s. William Tromhiey. Tliuiiiax 
Wlicelcr, Marfturet Williani.>., Jane Wilson. 
Sharon Workman. Carolina '/Anaacr, 
COPY READERS: Helen Deuell (Chief). 
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lUeheE Tiiekertimn. 

LAYOUT: Bernard .Quini, David Sterh (As- 
>i-iaut .\rt Dirvetors), \VilIiuiu {Jallajg;her. 
Ililde AdeIsl>erKer. Matt Gn^ene. Ivarle 
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^.niilli. Hull. l.e-u r. .Maude Milar. 
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PICTURE LIBRARY: Alma KgRleMon (CliieO. 
Dori- O Ni il. I'hyllis Stumau. 
U.S. & CANADIAN NEWS SERVICE: Law. 
renep LuylHturiie (< 'hief ot forrtf-nondenl!*), 
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nm [te->lioar. I^udoti Wainwright, Shuna 
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tieurwe Calurani. Buraaus — London: Andre 
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JanH'> Bell. John Mullikiu; Hosjc: HuU'rt 
Neville. Millun Or^hef^ky; Mamuu: Thom- 
as Dojier; JoiiA.NNKMBrHd: Kdwartl HukIk-b; 
MliiOLt: Kast: Keilh Wheeler: Ntw DfcLiii: 
Jamet. Burke. Alexander Camplw-ll; SistiA- 
i>ore: DH'i(;ht Martin. William I'ain; Tok- 
yo: CurtiN PrenderKattl. Jame« Greenfield; 
.\lK\irn CiTv: David Hieliardson; Gcatl- 
\t.\i.\ CiTV: Harvey Ilo«enhou*e ; Uio D»: 
■Iankiko: Piero Saitoriti; Hlknoh AiR»::t: 
Pliilili Payne. 

Pi'DUHitER Andrew UeUkell 

AuvKRTitaNa Dibectod. . . .Clay Buckliout 



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LETTERS TO EDITORS ON 



SPECIAL ISSUE: CHRISTIANITY 

Sirs: 

With many other Christian.s I want to express my 
deep appreciation for the timely emphasis pivcn in the 
last issue of Lifk to Christianity- This symbolizes to 
ourselves and to the world in a pronounced way (hat 
Chri»>tianity is an integral part of our national life. 
What we need now on the part of all of us is to have 
more emphasis on actually livinp the Christian life so 
that our deeds will be consistent with the beautiful 
works of art and writing in your special issue. 

Karl M ^ssanari 
Acting Dean 

Goshen College 
Goshen, Ind. 

Sirs: 

Since I made a recent visit to the Church of the Na- 
tivity in Bethlehem, I question your statement that the 
hole in the slur in ihe grotto at that church permits the 
pilgrim to kiss the original floor of the grotto ("Holy 
Days in Holy Land"). I remember the hole was filled 
with an oil which one might absorb in a smalt piece of 
rollon and lake with him. 

KniKNK M. < J-ENNON 

East Hartford, Conn. 




> PtLQRIM KISSING FLOOR IN QROTTO OF NATIVITY 

# Pilgrims kiss either the rook finor or the silver 
star fixed in the Hour. The hole is not filled with nil, 
hut some pilgrims t()uch the sat red rock with objects 
lliey wihh blessed. — ED. 

Sirs: 

Those learned and ermine-clad prelates of modern 
Christianity, those richly decorated crosses, altars and 
gold-plated palaces of worship are very impressive. Man 
and his complex, mvslcrious dogmas have come a long 
way from the simple and humble life and teachings of 
Jesus. Man has come so far in fact that I won<ler if 
Christ has not also been lo&l by the wayside. 

CtBTlS jA.\SO>i 

Phoenix, Ariz. 
Sirs: 

The Christianity issue surpasses your previous best 
. efforts. 

Joseph A. Pinotii 

Kmlenton, Pa. 
Sirs: 

1 have just returned from our midnight service at 
Bethany Congregational Christian (Church, Lvnn. Mass. 
In the Christmas Kve meditation I urged all ntemhers 
of the congregation to read and study the Christianity 
issue. Fact is, I did what I have never done l»efore, 1 
took a copy of Life into the pulpit. 

Rev. Howard P. Weatherbee 
Interim Minister 
Bethany Congregational Christian ('hurch 
Lynn, .Mass. 

Sirs: 

I felt as if I had been gypped. 1 buy Life for a good 
pictorial view of the news and I don't like to be denied 
this and at the same time pay more for the magazine. 
This is Christmas and I am a religious man and all that 
but I think you have gone overboard on thin. 

Albert Eikel 

San Antonio, Texas 



Classic in its beauty, international in coverage, uii- 
sectarian and unbiased in all presentations, a veritable 
encyclopedia of information for all faiths. From its 
golden cover to the last page it is a much needed force 
to oppose the creeping materialism of lotlay. 

Mrs. E. C. Dow 
President 

Chicago Humane Education Society, Inc. 
Chicago, III. 

Sirs: 

I wept without shame when I saw the glory and 
majesty of your Christianity issue. It marks our na- 
tion as pre-eminently a Christian nation and it is the 
greatest halleluiah shout modern juurnalisni has ever 
given to the Lord Cod of Heaven as revealed in Jesus 
Christ. On behalf of our eight and one half million 
Southern Baptists who were moved ami who fail to 
speak their appreciation, I say thank you, thank you. 

Rev. Albert Mc(xellan 
Southern Baptist Convention 

Nashville, Tenn. 



Your special issue on Christianity is something that 
every church should have on hand in quantity. Read- 
ing it, one has the feeling of having studied a great and 
Iwautiful mosaic of many kinds and colors of stone, 
yet forming one picture. One appreciates more than 
ever the strange paradox of the unity and diversity of 
the church universal. 

Ernest O. iNorqi ist 
Pastor 

First Presbyterian Church 
Rushville, ind. 

Sirs: 

Your special issue gives the Christian of today as 
fine a concept of what (Christianity is as I have seen 
anvwhere. You have also done a real service in break- 
ing down difTerences that hold Christians apart. So 
many of us see oidy in part. To see what our fellow 
Cbri'^tians are attempting to <lo as contained in their 
history cerlainly makes for greater understanding. 

W. A. Hu i'T 
.Mini.>ter 

The First Methodist Church 
Sylvania, Ohio 

Sirs: 

To me it seemed that parts written concerning Cath- 
olics were written by avid foes of Catholicism and sec- 
tions concerning Protestantism by thoi^e who had no 
use for it. Why picture Protestants as a group of peo- 
ple who are obscure and indefinite on the matter of re- 
ligious authority when a large share of Protestantism 
today still accepts the Bible literally as Cod's Word? 

O. N. Beiirincfr 
Pastor 

Trinity Lutheran (Church 
Onekama, .Mich, 

Sirs: 

The historical articles are well balanceil. the illus- 
trations are excellent, the chart of the American 
churches provides a perfect view of what we are, and 
the sketch of Pope Pius XII is magnificent. As a teach- 
er of history in a Catholic college, I thank you. 

William D. Hoyt Jr., Ph.D. 

Associate Professor 

Loyola College. 
Bahimore. Md. 

Sirs: 

I wish to voice my gratitude. It biles off" more than 
any magazine could chew and then proceeds to chew 
it in such a way that a person reading that issue could 
not help but liecome acquainted with American, and to 
a more limited extent with world. Christianity- 

W'lLLiAM G. Brh.ney 
Minister 

The Methodist Church 
Moses Lake, Wash. 

Sirs; 

Your Christianity issue should do more good for 
America than anything printed since the Bible. 

John B. Lamgan 

New York, N.Y. 



\\ ben we «ere young we studied Greek mythology 
and marveled thai so cultivated a race should have 
l>elieved in such drivel. In like fashion, will future 
generations look askance at our predilection for Chris-, 
tian mvthology? 

T. O. Bbose 

Clendale, Calif. 
Sirs: 

When Life discusses religion why are the Catholics 

alwavs given preference over any other church? 

Marilyn Lorcnz 

Vt aterville, Minn. 



I think it uould have been fair if touchv subjects 
like the Papacy and the Reformation had been ex- 
plained by a (Catholic historian as well as a Protestant. 

joHn .Massi 

Philadelphia, Pa. 
Sirs: 

A classic, something to keep and cherish. No one 
could read it without gaining a letter understanding of 
religion, especially as it alTects our country. 1 have in 
mind five persons in other parts of the world to whom 
I shall send copies. 

J. E. Dohertt 

Denver. Colo. 
Sirs: 

The beautiful Christianity issue is priceless. I should 
like to keep it. However, when my family has read it, I 
plan to mail il to Holland. Can you in some way urge 
other subscril>ers to mail abroad their Christmas copies 
of Life? Perhaps such food for the soul packages might 
convince people abroad that .\mericans truly want 
"Peace on earth, good will toward men." 

Ruby Stri;ve 

Seward. .Neb. 

FAITH'S NEW FORMS 

Sirs: 

Vou should have included the Unitarian church in 
Madison. Wis. in "Faith's Mew Forms." Frank Uoyd 
Wright designed it. 

Joanne Jarb 

Madison, Wis. 




WRIOHT S UNITARIAN CHURCH IN MADISON, WIS. 

CRUCIFIX COVER 

Sirs: 

In heaven's name, why the cover of that horrible 
picture of Jesus hanging on the Cross? Christmas cele- 
itrates the birth of Jesus and is a joyous occasion. 
Certainly no one gets joy in looking at that picture. 

James Neil Hastings 

lx>s Angeles, Calif. 

Sirs: 

Life could have done nothing more fitting than to put 
the Werden Crucifix on the cover. The crucifix is the 
emblem of Christianity. It is the center of the Christian 



THE CHRISTIANITY ISSUE 



failh. For this purfKi^e G(mI Itfi-unir in<-arniite ami Ity 
this iicroinpli.slieil our re(lt>iii|Jlion. \^ it any vt<iiider 
St. Paul says, "VI e preach (-hri>t fTUcified":' 

ErKiAR S. Bkow> Jn., Th.D. 
The United Lutheran Church in America 
New York, N.Y. 

THE LIFE OF CHRIST 

Sirs: 

Allow a mild prnlest. The haplism ()f Jesus was an 
immertiion as shown on the roxcr ol the Sepleinlrtr 
issue oC the Baptist Lratier (/u'lotv), not the anointing 
sht>wn in Kranre«icuV painting ("The Lil'e of (Jirist"). 
After the baptism Jesus "weni up straifihtway out of 
the water" (Malt. 3:16). Also this haptism was not an 
"ancient Hebrew ritual" but it wAs new with John the 
Baptist (Matt. 21:25-27). The Hebrews had many cere- 
niotiial washings but not baptism. 

S. E. Am>krson 
Northern Baptist Theolopiral Seminary 
Chicago. III. 




BAPTIST INTERPRETATION OF CHRIST'S BAPTISM 

• Accor^li^}^ to traditional Iwliei the first Iwptisni 
by immersion wa-s admiiiistere*! to Christ by John 
the Haptist. Rut recently some scholars have main- 
tained that l>aptism or the anointment shown in 
Francesra's f>aintiii^ was the same type of cere- 
monial washing that the Jews practiced Ion;; liefore 
John the Baptist.— KU, 

MARCH OF CHRISTIAN FAITH 

Sirs: 

A special word of appreciation to Paul Hutchinson 
for his capsule appraisal of Chri^itianity's progress 
through the ages ("The Onward March of Chri^^tian 
Failh"). For my money, it is the best I have ever read 
in a secular magazine. 

Thomas N. Page 

Norfolk, Va. 

*THE LORD IS THEIR SPONSOR' 

Sirs: 

That utterly simple story of the adopted Korean chil- 
dren in the renter of all the pomp and self-ad ulal ion is 
devastating (" 'The I^rd Is Their Sponsor' "). Surely 
that Oregon couple is expressing a day by day, year 
by year faith and love which make all the rest shrink 
to insignificance. 

Marion Palmkr 

Amityvillc, N.Y. 

U.S. CHURCHES, THEIR PRACTICES 

Sirs: 

What do you mean by saying that Episcopalians 
'"generally" accept the doctrines of the Trinity, the 
Incarnation and the Virgin Birth ("U.S. Churches, 



Their Practices")? I have vet to meet an inrnrriied 
and responsible Kpiscopalian who did not accefii the 
Trinity anil Incarnation. L nfortunalelv I have met 
some who <io not accept the \ irgin Birth. 

Rev. Don H. Cross 
Rector 

St. Peter's Kpiscopal Church 
Pittsburgh. Pa. 

• Although some Kpiscopalians niav have reserva- 
tions, liie Aposlle.-* Creed, which ihev all recikP, 
declare- l>elier in the Trinity, the Incarnation and 
the \ irgin Birth. -Kl). 

Sirs: 

The Lutheran Church-Missouri Svnod is gla<l when 
people credit us with having contributed the largest 
number of new Lutherans to the membership of the 
Lutheran Church in the New World. But \\v cannot 
claim tn be the largest Lutheran bculy in America. That 
distinction must go to the Lnited Lutheran Church in 
America. Latest official ligurcs give the latter alM>ul 
]()().{)()() iiinrc baptized members. 

OsW*Lr» C. J. HoFFMA.\.N 
The Lutheran (-hurch-Missouri Synod 
New York, N.Y. 

WORLD, FLESH. DEVIL 

Sirs: 

In Mr. Jessup's article ("The World, the Flesh and 
the Devil") it is mentioned lhal altruism is a ^^o^ld 
promise with easy conditions and that it ir^ far from a 
dehnttion of Christian life. Altruism and such \wirldly 
causes as the I .N. are "plausible biwer choices" pre- 
sented by Satan which should be resisted by all means 
at all times. W hat are man's responsibilities and op- 
portunities if rmilual aid is the way of the devil? 

DoWI.K 0. AMKRi) 

Hakersfield. CaliL 

• Mutual aid. the I'.N.. etc. are not tfu* wav (d" the 
de\ il except when mistaken for the highest good, 
i.f.. when tlicy replace (iod as the oliject id' worship. 
Il i> a (Christian's duty to make this world as (Chris- 
tian a.s possible, wiihinit thinking it the be»t or 
only world. — ED. 

MIGHTY WAVE OVER U.S. 

Sirs: 

Congratulations for the forthright statement, "In 
many areas . . . (Christians ignore the tenets of their 
faith and practice racial segregation" ("Mightv Wave 
fiver the L.S."), Such unqualified <-on<lemnation of 
un-Chrisiian conduct may perhap.s shock persons 
practicing racial segregation into a realisation uf the 
enormity of their moral dereliction. 

LllO CfM.LACHKR 

Los Angeles. (Calif. 

AMERICAN MORAL CONSENSUS 

Sirs: 

Your editorial ''American Mora! (Consensu-" was 
excellent, but vou could ha\egone further in showing 
how deepiv rooted in God and religion our counlrv is. 
God is referred to on our coins, in the Pledge of Alle- 
giance, our National Antheui and America. 

John H. Wilding 

Santa Barbara, (CaliL 
Sirs: 

Benjamin Kranklin was a wi>e man. and when he 
moved the floundering Crnistilutional (Convention to 
prav he was, as always, advancing the cau>e of the na- 
tion he loved. But to portray Franklin a^ a deeply reli- 
gious man is to distort the spirit of this great pagan 
skeptic, as his biographer Cart Van Doren calls him. 
Take for example the advice of Kratiklin to Tom Paine: 
"You yourself may fnid it easy to live a virtuous life, 
without the assistance a/forded by religion. . . . But 
think how great a portion of mankind consists of weak 
and ignorant men and women who have need of the 
motives of religion to re.'itrain theni from vice, to sup- 
port their virtue. ... If men are so wicked nifh 
religion, what would they be if nithout it?" 

Pvt. A.\dreas F. Lowe-nfeld 

Fort Bragg, N.C. 



• In a leiier Ut K/ra Stiles. Franklin wrote: "Here 
is my Oecd. I believe in one (Jnd. Oealor of the 
I niverse. That he govern^ it hv lii^. Pr()\idence. 
Thai he oiighl In be worshiiM**!. Thai the most ar- 
ceptalde Service we render to him is didng good to 
his other (Children. That the soul id' Man is inmior- 
tal. and will Ite treated with Justice in another Life 
respecting its Conduct in this." — ED. 

RUGGED BASIS OF PROTESTANTISM 

Sirs: 

Vou credit the Protestants with opening and settling 
the Midwestern frontier ("The Rugged Basis of Ameri- 
can Protestantism"). All the frontier was not Knglish- 
speaking, much of it was German. David Zeislwrger of 
the Moravian Church preached the lirsi Protestant 
service west oft he Allegheny Mountains. Tins took place 
near presenl-day Newcomerslown, Ohio about 1750. 

RiCHARi> Vo(;ENrrz 

Hollywood, Fla. 
Sirs: 

Having been brought up in the Kentucky mountains, 
I was intimately acquainted »itli circuit riders. I never 
heard of anything that could blulT out a circuit-riding 
preacher, he it beasi or badman. hell or high water. 
Here is a ph<»to I made three vears ago (/w/oic) of 
the Rev. J. H. llieronymus of Vada, Kv.. a Metho- 
dist circuit rider. In spite i>f every ad\ersit\, this good 
preacher has roamed through the mountains of Ken- 
tucky for more than 50 years preaching the Gospel. 
He is still active. 

Nevvle Shackelford 

Beattyville, Ky. 




KENTUCKY CIRCUIT RIDER REV. J. H. HIERONYMUS 



CHURCHES OF FREE EUROPE 

Sirs: 

Andre l^guerre's "The (Churches of Free Furope" 
was heartetiing. Since in some European countries the 
(Christian church, Protestant and Roman (Catholic, is 
undergoing a revival, there i?. hope for a change in 
turope's outlook — po!^siblv for belter econonuc and 
political conditions for the whole continent. 

F. J. Miller 

(^edar Rapids, Iowa 

CLOISTERED LIFE OF DEVOTION 

Sirs: 

These are quiet days around St. Benedict's Abbey 
now that we are all famous monk^ ("A Cloistered Life 
of Devotion"). Fvervone seems to have his head bur- 
ied in a copy of Like. We were well pleaseiL You hit a 
deeply spiritual note, and the charucterii»tic Benedictine 
motifs come out clearly. 

CVTHBERT McDoiVALD, O.S.B. 

St. Benedict's Abbey 
Atchison, Kan. 



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2 



SORE THROAT 



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3 



CONSTANT 
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TIGHT CHEST 



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0 



MUSCULAR ACHES 



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SPEAKING OF PICTURES 



> 







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UOOKING THE BALL OVER HIS HEAD, RUSSELL SCORES AGAINST II.C.I_A. AS RUsSEI.L BLOCKS. U.C.L.A.'S TAFr IS K)I1<;K1) lO IILIIKV A Jl'.MI' SHOT 

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Garden, Bill Russell was an insurmountalile hurdle. But for pholoj;- himsell' into a series of gracefully airy altitudes wliieh made opponents 

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ID-inch star was a delight. Shooting from ama/ing heights, hlocking victories which strengthened San Francisco s top national standing. 



13 



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CONTINUED 



/I 



EXPKESSIVK liwns of Bill RusspII are shown in his foIIow-throu;;h 

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Vol. 40, No. 3 January 16, 1956 




IN THE KELLYS' LIVING ROOM GRACE'S MOTHER EXAMINES DAUGHTER'S DIAMOND AND RUSY ENGAGEMENT RING AS PRINCE AND FATHER KELLY PROUDLY LOOK ON 

A MOST ELIGIBLE PRINCE, A REIGNING MOVIE QUEEN 

A ROMANCE THAT'S GOT EVERYTHING 



The newly engaged couple sat in her parents' Philadelphia home last week, 
shyly pleased. Looking at them, the world could hardly help heing pleased, 
too, for their romance held all the wonderful, improbahle elements which 
people like to imagine can come true. 

There was the lonely prince and his loyal subjects, worried over their fu- 
ture. The lovely maiden, w hose plain-speaking father had started out as a brick- 
layer, came from a distant land. The pair's chance meeting look place in 
springtime in a Grauslarkian realm set by a fabled sea. \ shrewd but jovial 
padre was on the scene t() help true love along. And in the happy ending 
the maiden from thegreat democracy gave promise of saving the independence 
of the ancient slate. 

Grace Kelly, a movie actress of breathtaking beauty, intelligence and class 



with a capital K, is one of the world's most sought-after women. Prince 
Kainier III. ruler of the liny principalitv of Monaco, is one of the world's 
most eligible bachelors. They met last spring at a film festival on the Riviera 
and he gravely showed her through his palace [pp. 22, 23). .\lthough both 
moved in the publicity-ridden purlieus of international society, their court- 
ship had a refreshingly reticent and old-fashioned quality. 

Arriving in the U.S. last month for what he insisted was an "educa- 
tional" visit, the prince sought out Grace's father to ask her hand in mar- 
riage. "I told the prince," said John Kelly, "that we're not impressed by 
royalty. We're impressed by the man. Marriage is not a game of musical 
chairs with us. We play for keeps." Then, assured that the prince agreed, 
he gave his thoughtful consent and Miss Kelly agreed to become a princess. 



17 

Cc|. 







OCEANOGRAPHIC 



THIS IS ALL OF MONACO WITH THE EXCEPTION OF ABOUT 200 YARDS ON LEFT. SECTIONS INCLUDE LA CONDAMINE. BUSINESS DISTRICT. AMD MONTE CARLO, 

UNIQUE REALM WILL BE LONELY NO MORE FOR 



GRXCF. Kki.i.yV fiance. Hi? Serene Highness llie Prince of Monaco, 
Kainier III. Duke of Valeiilinois. Prince of (^lialeau-Porcieii. (^ount 
of Belfort, Raron of Si. Lo — (his goes on for 2f lilies — is the last 
absolute monarch of Europe. A soft-spoken man of 32. he rules over 
22,(K)() sulijeds, an armed force of 65 men and four officers, and a 
national expanse of some 370 acres, less than half the size of New- 
York City's llential Park. 

Despite the size of his realm. Prince Rainier enjoys a generous share 
of the world's good fortune: a 2(X)-room palace staffed with 1(K) servants, 
a Heel of sleek racing cars, a 3(K)-ton yacht, a dynastic rule (Grimaldi) 
w hich dates hack to the year 1297. international lame, personal charm and 
a princely portion of the gross receipts of Monaco's greatest atlradimi. 
the casino of Monte (]ar!o. Vet for years he has hcen known — more truly 
than in any romantic fairv lale — as a restive and ilisconlented prince. 

From his earliest years loneliness has shadoAsed Prince Hainier's life. 
His mother. Princess (Charlotte, through whom he inherited the throne, 
and his lather. Prince Pierre, (jount of Polignac, had little interest in 
him or even in each other. They spent little time together and were 
llnally divorced in 1933. Rainier grew up in the casual care ol his grand- 
father, Louis 11. Louis, like many exhihits in the family's 660-year his- 
tory, was a spectacular rake who had far gayer things to do than look 
after children. 

Rainier's advisers were, with rare e.\c<'ption, either aged relics Ironi 
the entourage of Louis or glib and calculating youths who shared the 
prince's school days, encouraged his idler amusements and boasted that 
thev would rule Monaco for themselves when he took the throne. 



From such a voulh Rainier emerged surprisingly as a responsible ruler. 
Succeeding to the throne in 1919 after Louis' death, he expanded Mon- 
aco's schools, encouragetl low-cosl housing anil made a serious effort to 
balance his governmcnl budget. With a nice blend of dignity and warmth, 
he has pleased his people with such gestures as his annual (^hristmas 
party where every child is invited to the palace lo be enchanted by 



the Santa C.laus prince ilistrihuling bicycles and fabulous dolls to all. 

Yet all has been far from happy in either the palace or the realm of 
Monaco. And for the simplest of reasons: the prince was w ithout a bride. 
I'he lack, which mallered a good deal to the prince, mattered no less to 
Monaco's citizens. By firm treaty with France it is fi.xed that, if there be 
no Grimaldi heir to the throne, Monaco shall lose its independence and 
become a protectorate under a French resident-general. This would bring 
taxes and military conscription to a country which now has neither. 

Il is scarcely a dilhcull mailer for a well-to-rlo prince to arrange a 
marriage, but Rainier was nol willing to pick out a wife by going over the 
list ol tilleil lamilies in the Almnitttch ilv Gnthtt. Publicly he pleaded 
with his subjec ts lo be patient about his marriage, gently reminding them 
that the mailer had also "a human aspect," 

For several years there was ample reas<)n to believe that the prince had 
discovered the requisite human aspect in the French actress Gisele 
Pascal, The romance was one of apparently deep attachment on both 
sides but was ended by a spry, puckish, 67-ycar-old American priest, 
l ather Fraiujis Tucker. Father Tucker, an energetic man who was sent 
In Monaco by the Vatican to tone up the country's lackadaisical religious 
air, became the prince's personal chaplain and most trusted friend. He 
convinced Gisele and Rainier that they should part, for it was his stern 
conviction thai their disparate backgrounds and temperaments would 
make their marriage a nearly hopeless gamble. Gisele swiftly switched 
escorts from Rainier in Monaco to Gary Cooper in Cannes, leading sus- 
ceptible French observers to the conclusion that the .American priest 
had somclhing to do with introducing her to the American actor. The 
separation left Rainier once again a lonely man. 

A prince, however, is seldom at a loss for amusements. Rainier never 
tires of his yacht, which last year bore him on a two-month cruise to 
French West Africa, lie went spear-fishing in shark-infested waters, took 
underwater photographs beneath a raging Atlantic storm and returived 
bearing chimpanzees, birds and gazelles for his private zoo. 

In a row of great cages at the foot of the palace grounds is the 
royal animal family: monkeys and panthers, parrots and a half dozen 




SITE OF THE CASINO. PRINCIPALITY WOULD FIT EASILY INTO CENTRAL PARK 



THE PRINCE 



by EMMET JOHN HUGHES 



crocodiles, an elephant and a lion. The prince visits ihem daily and, 
when they are sick, controls them more easily than their trainer. His 
Serene Highness explains, "I have always preferred them to human 
beings. They are much more faithful. Also, they do not talk." 

He has remade his palace to suit his tastes. Immediately hcyond the 
red-and-white striped sentry boxes and the guards that look like gay 
lead soldiers, he has built a complete modern garage to house his racing 
cars. He knows their engines professionally and delights in working over 
them till midnight. Facing the garage is his other haven, the carpentry 
shop. Here he works in metal or wood for hours, more often than not, 
under Father Tucker's pervading influence, fashioning a religious object 
for his chapel. 

His combined bar-and-clubroom in the palace is a handsome collection 
of the obvious paraphernalia of a wealthy bachelor: boat models, billiard 
tabic, an electric grill where he cooks his own popcorn and bacon and 
eggs, a slick copper bar where he likes to mix his own drinks, a wall 
gaily plastered with nude calendars. 



This is perfectly attuned to the spirit of many of the prince's aides — 
the ones who would prefer him in the role of manageable playboy-prince, 
the ones who laughed uproariously two years ago when Father Tucker 
began murmuring about the prince making a pilgrimage to Lourdes. They 
bet that ihcir chum would do no such faritaslic ihing. 

They lost that bet, and they may well have lost their man altogether. 
Today the prince's office is a handsome, serious study, the walls lined 
with oak bookcases. The great oak desk, big as a judge's bench, is severely 
designed and severely worked at. Prince Rainier has struck a reasonable 
balance between pleasure and duty. . 

To the people of Monaco it was apparent that their lonely prince was 
solving many of his important personal, political and religious problems 
— but not the main one. That single personal-political-religious night- 
mare has kept prince and people alike from enjoying any genuitie peace 
of mind. This week the problem appeared to be solved. 




RAINIER'S PALACE is a 20U-room castli- pcrclifj on a rocky hill ovcrliiokiiig 
the Mediterranean. Prince has redesigned five rooms as his special apartment. 




MONACO'S "ARMY" is a lirighdy 
uniformed palace guard of 69 men. 



MONACO'S PRINCE, standing be- 
side throne, hates the pomp of office. 




i fir 

1.. it 



GREATEST ATTRACTION of Monaco is casino of Monte Carlo which takes 
in si/al)lc yearly ^^um from tourists. Monacans are not permitted to play there. 



CONTINUED 



Cc(. , 



Romance CONTINUED 



THE AMERICAN KELLYS HAVE SUCCEEDED IN ATHLETICS, BUSINESS 




FARMER'S WIFE 




GRACE'S FATHER, Ja, k k> 
liricklayer, a cliainpion sculler, was 
barred from Brilain'* Henlev regatta. 



HER MOTHER. \Iarf;aret .Major, a 
handsome Philadelphian of German 
(lescenl, was a magazine cover girl. 





WEDDING DAY for the Kcllvs was 
at St. Bridget's Church in 192 t. Tliey 
met at a swimming pool in 1917. 



PLAYWRIGHT UNCLE George Kelly 
was author of a distinguished drama, 
Craig's Wife, 1926 Pulitzer Prize play. 




GRACE AT TEN was a visi(m in riifflts as a llower 
girl at a cousin's wedding. Next year she joined a 
If>cal lillle theater group, played supporting [larts. 






BRICKS TURNED GOLDEN for the bricklayer u no 
was barred from Henley. Jack Kelly built the coun- 
try's biggest brick con^tniclion com[ianv. His lirick 



uildinp;s are all around him as he stands at Phila- 
delphia post office with the Evening Bulletin and 
30th Street railroad station {right) in background. 




IN BROADWAY DEBUT Grace appeared with Ray- 
mond Massey in Strindber*;'? The Father in 1919. 
This led to her fir^t Hnllvwood role in 14 Hours. 



THE KELLYS AT HOME in East Falls near Pbila- 
delphia listen one evening; in I9.'>0 as Grace, then 
playin<; in TV, practices a role. On the sofa are her 



older sister Margaret Kellv Davis and her mother. 
Sitting on the floor are her nieces Margaret and 
Mary Lee Davis and her younger sister Lizanne. 



20 




VAUDEVILLE UNCLE, lovable Walter C. Kelly, an 
actor for 30 vears. was "The Virginia Judge," a fa- 
mous spinner of dialect stories on vaudeville stages. 




SWEET REVENGE and a happy handshake from 
Pop came in 1947 when Jack Kelly Jr. won rare al 
Henlev which Jack Sr. had not been allowed to enter. 




The men, from left to right, are her brother-in-law 
George Davis, owner of the Philadelphia Ramblers 
hockey team, her father and Iter brother, Jack Jr. 



. . . THE GRIMALDIS HAVE A HISTORY, TOO 




GRANDFATHER Loiii^; II ruled noi so PRINCELY PARENTS. ChaHotte, the daughter of Uuis 11. and 
wisely, served 30 years in Africa and her husband. Prince Pierre of Monaco, play with their children, 

Europe as an officer in French army. Princess Antoinette and. in his father's arms. Prince Rainier. 




ENTHRONEMENT RITE in Monaco's cathedral she divorced Prince Pierre. Earlier he had accused 
brougiil princely family together. Princess Char- her of running off with an Italian doctor. But when 

loltc had renounced her right to rule in 1933 when Louis II died, they returned to sit by their son. 



CONTINUED 21 

Cc) 




AS ACADEMY AWARD WINNER Cvarv showed repal beauty on Philippe HaU- 
man'v I.iFK rovrr ( April 1 1, 1955). She won auard for her role in Country Girf. 



Romance CONTINUED 



GISELE, OLEG AND JEAN-PIERRE 




HOPEFUL COED. JnAnn Sloik of IlliniiU. licaril ihe priiuc prflVrmI Ameriian 




IN THE THRONE ROOM Oraip stood conloniplalivply l>y CrimaMi family spal. 
Aflpr slic left, the prince avidly attended llie Monaco theater to see lier films. 



Gnpvnahted m 



WERE FORGOTTEN AS GRACE, RAINIER HAD FIRST DATE AT PALACE 




ROMANCE WITH GISELE— Actress Gisele Pascal— was GRACE'S SUITOR. Designer OlegCas- FRENCH TOAST was given by Actor Jean-Pierre Aumont, 
over for prince in 195'i. Hi re tliey altenci Cannes wedding. sini, was her freijuent escort in 1951. who wooed Grace in Paris, said, "rin crazec about her." 




LEISURELY WALK found the couple engrossed in gardens. "I could tell right away." said Father Tuck- ON A TERRACE of tlie prince's palace Grace grew 
cxmversation as prince described his world-famous er, '^that true love had smitten the ruler of Monaco.'* animated as she admired magnificent view of the sea. 




FORMAL HANDSHAKE uas cm hanf;til in iIil- piini i- aijai Miicul. This was ihcir PROPHETIC HANDSHAKE for Grace occurs in ri'ci-iil lilui TItr Slum where she 
only date until he came to U.S., saw her Christmas night. Next day he proposed. plays a princess. In film, not yet released, she chooses prince (Alec Guinness). 



CONTINUED 23 




ENTERING ROYAL BOX U l.aiii|iH'l. Cra.f 
|jiince, lollnuf'il l»y Mr*. l,yli»* Hull, fare rnnicras. 



il 1^ \lt-. \M;:irr DnU. Itnx huti- 

|ii"iin'f's family Ha^ ami tnpjM'il hv a rrnwii. 




Romance 




FATHER TUCKER, prinrr's i liaplain. is 
a roflfcU'il rclicrlive (:uiivor!*ali<m willi 



caiif^t in 
ri'(M>rlors, 



ALL COULD SEE EYES 
OF A WOMAN IN LOVE 



News (if (Ik* origiigpnient set iifl u [Uililii' cele- 
liralioii in Monaco and started a Inisy week fur 
llie |irini'f and his liancee in tlip I'.S. Wilh 
till' world walrliinf" they went from Philadel- 
phia to New York where the [irinre got his first 
lasti" of Grace's cooking: a soulHe. But it was 
nearlv ruined when photographers made him 
lale in reaching her aparlmenl. 

That night thev made their first puhlic ap- 
pearance Idgellier. at a posh charity hall. After- 
ward, at the Harwyn ('luh. they danced to a 
refrain the prince requested: "Your eyes are 
the eves of a woman in Irive.'* 

Then Grace hurried to Hollywood to start 
her new picture. The prince will visit her there 
and then return to Monaco. As a final roman- 
tic touch, theirs may well be a June wedding. 



ADMIRING GLANCES fnllow Grace anil I'rincc Kaiiiirr a.-. llic\ lieail lu».uil iim 
liaiii|tii'l. Tin* (laiicin;: i:irU and nther miliHikcrs left aiuithcr party tn walcli llieni. 




PRINCELY LAUGH riilu. ii- iMn.pj. l. Utlu r- .11 lai.lc 111. I jili. r fucker 
{tfirncfl In cnmrrn) ami Aniiicr Biilille Duke (riglii). Al rear is M-ti-M press a^ont. 



24 



ALMOST ALONE AT 4 A.M., THEY DANCE IN A NEAR-EMPTY NIQHTCLUB— ^ 






WHISTLING POUJADIST wears imi- 
tation Italian Bcrsa^lieri hat to taunt 
speaker calling Poujadists "Fascists." 



GUFFAWING POUJADE laughs off a rare heckler {slaiuiing, left). His 
ralhcs were ahnosl unmolested because his slrong-arm hnw% who invaded 
oppoifition meetings^ were usually on hand to evict foes from Poujade's. 



HOARSE LEADER, Poujade inhales 
from vaporizer at his headquarters near 
Paris as he prepares for another speech. 



A RABBLE ROUSER'S BIO FOR POWER 

A new figure, Pierre Poujade the tax hater, is a big gainer as France votes itself into an impasse 

by JOHN THORNE 



Pabis 

L\ST week 21.7 million Frenchmen cast 
llicir ballots in an election which the West 
Icrveiilly hoped would finally produce a hasis 
for slalJle government in France, instead, dis- 
content and frustration produced possibly the 
most irresponsible election result in French 
history. The moderates lost ground, the Com- 
munists gained and the long-standing parlia- 
mentary impasse in France was intensified to 
the point of caricature w hen a new right-wing 
group vaulted into prominence under a bizarre 
man named Poujade, w ho sometimes sounded 
and looked almost as ridiculous as ,\dolf Hitler 
in the 1920s. 

Pierre Poujade himself was not running for 
anything, but his spectacular personal cam- 
paigning elected o2 complete unknowns to the 
National Assembly — altogether almost 10% of 
the total. These strangers to politics include 
pork butchers, pastry cooks, grocers, mechan- 
ics and a carnival merchant. Each has taken a 
solemn oath to obey Poujadist party discipline: 
". ... If I betray this oath I agree to submit 
my moral and physical person to the chastise- 
ments reserved for traitors." To remind them 
of this vow the party printed little lamppost 
stickers for their .Assembly benches. And what 
if they go astray? "There are still plenty of 
lampposts on the Place de la Concorde," said 
Pierre Poujade last week. 



Whether these blood-curdling words were 
mere bombast or were uttered in earnest is 
something the French themselves have yet to 
learn. It is still a moot point whether the aims 
of Pierre Poujade — a stocky, dark-eyed, black- 
haired man from the windy hills of south- 
western France — are dangerously violent. But 
his quick wit, gay smile and stinging ridicule 
of the National Assembly have made him Pied 
Piper to millions of Frenchmen who smart 
under taxes (which Poujade says he will im- 
prove), who disapprove of the goverimient 
(which he says he will clean out), or who feel 
dissatisfied w ith the postw ar progress of France 
(which he says very little about). 

Pierre Poujade was born in St. Cere 35 years 



ago. He quit Catholic school at 16 and w orked 
as apprentice typographer, grape picker and 
docker. In 1942 he escaped Nazi-occupied 
France, only to be interned in Spain. Six 
months later he made his way to North Africa. 
Here he was hospitalized for prison injuries, 
met and married his hospital nurse, Yvette, 
and joined the R..A.F. 

Something of a local hero after the war, he 
returned to St. Cere where he now lives with 
Yvette and their four children. He ran a book 
and stationery store. Like all small French 
businessmen he considered himself the victim 
and enemy of the government and tax collec- 
tors ("I cheat on taxes myself; how else could 
I make out?"). And one day when a local black- 
smith, a casual acquaintance who happened to 
be a Communist, came to him for help on a tax 
problem, he leaped to his defense and glibly 
argued the tax collector to defeat. 

Soon neighbors were coming to Poujade in 
groups for tax advice. The groups multiplied 
and then combined under the title of UDCA 
(Union of Defense of Shopkeepers and Arti- 
sans). Before long it was a rare tax inspector 
who did not have some sort of trouble with 
UOC.A partisans barring the way when he tried 
to inspect a small businessman's books. The 
thing just snowballed. By October 19.54 the 
Ministry of Finance told the government, "Be- 
cause of the UDCA w e are no longer masters of 
the situation south of the Loire." Last March, 
as deputies met to approve a government tax 
proposal — forced by Poujade — he stood up in 
the gallery to remove his coat. The Assembly 
president, fearing a riot, nervously sounded 
the alarm to clear the house. 

For two and a half years Poujade has been 
on the road, whooping up the citizens. He and 
his wife arrive in their muddy black Citroen 
and go directly to a smoky brasserie to meet 
the local Poujade committeemen. They tell him 
their tax problems and Poujade explains what 
other communities have done. It is then time 
for lunch. Over coffee Poujade blows up a 
paper bag and pops it on his fist. "Poof! If I 
did that in the National Assembly they'd all 
be under their seats." 

A big outdoor meeting follows. Poujade tells 



the audience he has been accused of calling the 
National .Assembly a manure pile. He says he 
never called it that, but maybe it is not a bad 
description. He says certain assemblymen are 
"guilty of treason." He calls them les pourris 
(the rotten ones). "Our fathers were at Ver- 
dun and Mendes-France was not." 

Often he takes off his coal and shirt in what 
is now called his "strip tease." He describes 
the near-riot in the Assembly. Poujade only 
went there to see the funny people. Poujade 
was hot. Poujade took off his coat. The depu- 
ties were scared to death. The crowd roars. 



Poujade now spends considerable time in a 
suburban Paris villa, where he sees visitor^ 
in his pajamas and Yvette serves them pastis, 
a violent yellowish liquor. If someone wants 
water, it is poured from a pig-shaped jug re- 
ferred to as "Mendes." There is plenty of 
money — the movement claims a million mem- 
bers and dues are 1,000 francs ($2.50) a year. 

But there is one thing lacking — a realistic 
program. Poujade based his entire rjtn|iaif;n 
against existing tax laws and government. Now 
he has nothing more specific to offer than a 
vague plan to reconvene the "states general," 
a huge mass meeting of 1789 revolutionary 
vintage. North Africa? "A human problem." 
Communism? "Either the Communist party is 
an agent of a foreign power and should be dis- 
solved, or it is not a foreign agent and some- 
thing must be done against the misery that 
engenders Communism." Is he a Fascist? Pou- 
jade says he wants to put new blood into re- 
publican institutions. "You wouldn't have to 
blow very hard right now to overturn them." 
The Poujadists clearly have little respect for 
parliamentary democracy although their rrn ce- 
ment so far lacks the militarism and mysticism 
which characterized Fascism in the 1930s. 

His very lack of a program was what hclpiMl ' 
win Poujade so many votes. His appeal to the 
discontented reflected the feelings of niillion- 
of Frenchmen who have been disappointed in 
their governments. As Poujade himself put it, 
"If we had been courageously governed the 
movement would never have developed." 




STRIPPED SPELLBINDER, a perspiring Poujade his shirt was a regular act put on by Pimjaile at CELEBRATING HIS VICTORY. I'mijado whirls his 
(Irirs hiiii->cU at tiic erui of a hot speech in Paris' his rallies where he worked hiniseli" and his axuii- mother olV !ier li'cl on elrctioti evening at fiis home 
Salle Wagrani. Shedding jacket, sweater and finally encc up with raucous shouting and violent gealures. in Saint Cere. I'oujade's wile Yvetle is at right. 



CONTINUED 27 

C,:, I'crial 




French Vote 



CONTINUED 



CONSERVATIVE ATTACK <.n Mi-rnlt- Frnnce (ceiitrr) nmies at a meeting in 
liis home ilefiarlnient of Ktire. where landowner Bernard Pluehet (left) aecnscs 
him of liipiifhiti'tifz th«^ French oversea- efnpirc. Mende.s was easily re-eleeted. 




THE COMPOSITION OF THE NEW ASSEMBLY 

EXTREMISTS OF THE RIGHT: the 52 Poujadists, who 
a|i|jurciilly gut many nf their 2.4 million votes from the waning 
Gaullist fcilldw ing. may be joined on some issues by the 22 sur- 
viving Gaullisis and a small new group called the National Rally. 
Tiilal eMreme rightists: 77, up 10 from the last Assembly. 
EXTREMISTS OF THE LEFT: the Communists want to 
draw inniin-atr leftists into a new "popular front." Total: 146, 
plu^ li>ur I'lri^ressives' who alwavs support them, gain of .54. 
MODERATES OF THE RIGHT: this includes the Radicals 
(lra<litiiinal middle class party) who follow Edgar Faure; the 
Indepeiiilciils who represent farming and business and are led 
by Antoine I'inay; and the Popular Republicans of Bidault and 
Schunian. «l\o stand for progressive Catholicism. Total mod- 
cial.' lifilili-l^: about 212, down 50. 

MODERATES OF THE LEFT: a combination of the Radi- 
cals wlui follinv Mendes-Franee, the 94 Socialists and a few 
others. Total moderate leftists: about 1.50, down 10. (.Ml fig- 
ures are approximate because over 30 seats remain unfilled and 
S(.tme deputies allegiances are undetermined.) 



BLEAK TRUTH AND CONSEQUENCES 



In giving the extremisls stunning power in the new National Assembly, 
Fram e (iw ncd up to a long-ignored truth: well over a third of her people 
are fed up with republican government. The truth bad been obscure be- 
cause the moderates so rigged the rules of the previous election that the 
extremists got far lewer seats than their vote indicated. This time the 
fight between Fdgar Faure and Pierre Mendes-Franee to control the Radi- 
cal party split the moderate camp so that it could not exploit the still- 
rigged rules. Although their popular vote hardly changed, the extremists 
this time got roughly the number of seats they deserved. 

The immediate consequences of the election were bleak. Faure was 
chastened by the setback tf> the moderates and offered Mendes a truce. 
But Meniles promplly turned it down and kept his followers allied with 
the Socialists. I'his seemed to give the Socialists, who have long been 
unuilling to join a government which they cannot lead, a chance to name 
the next premier. Hut such a government would have to operate with- 
out a basic majoritv. It would be a strictly day-to-day affair, and its pros- 
pects appeared glummer even than those of its 21 postwar predecessors. 



COMMUNIST ATTACK liy a Red liei kler al llie niicrnphone iiilcrnipls anollier 
\icniles rallv in Kure. (-onmuiiiisis charged Mendes "^jave tlie spiked helmet 
hark to the (H*nnans" and "collected liis paynu'rit Iroiii llie .\niericans" for it. 





AMONG THE HOME FOLKS outgoing Premier 
Faure campaigns for liis seal in Jura department. 
Asked what he thought of Meniles, Faure snapjied 



harii, "He's Robespierre, he's liecome drunk with 
pf>wer,'' but then also said. "He's a very intelligent 
man, I esteem him highly." Faure was re-elected. 



KEY PAIR OF ALLIES. Meniles and Socialist boss 
(iity Mullet meet to reject Faure's offer of a union 
between right and left moderates in the Assembly. 



YOU'D SPEND HALF A DAY to make Green Pea with 
Ham Soup as fine as this. Yet here it is, ready 
for you. It's Campbell's... IT'S FROZEN! 





WHY , 

irs 

FROZEN: . 




GREENPEA 

sovr* 



Sure as anything, whenever people get 
their spoons in the very special Green 
Pea with Ham Soup which Campbell's 
now has for you, the immediate reaction 
is: why have the Campbell's chefs been 
holding out on us? 



They haven't. No one knows better 
how inspired this soup can be when it's 
made the right way . . . slow simmered 
for hours with rich, tender ham. And no 
one knew better how to make it just 
this way. 

The problem was to keep all the flavor 
and goodness until you are ready to use 
it. Only by the quick-frozen method was 
this possible. It took freezing to bring 
you this soup with all that fabulous 
flavor intact. 



You know the rest of the story. How 
easy it is now to serve a Green Pea with 
Ham Soup that you'd spend half a day 
making ... a soup that puts you on a 
par with the best of them, just by reach- 
ing in your grocer's freezer. 

That's where you find this Campbell's 
Frozen Green Pea with Ham — in your 
grocer's freezer. This one and three more 
real soup wonders that you never ex- 
pected to find in prepared form. 

All thanks to freezing! It's wonderful! 




Oyster Stew 
Cream of Potato 
Cream of Shrimp 
Green Pea with Ham 



Ci 



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Only BAKER'S gives milk that favorite "milk shake" flavor . . . hot or cold! 



PRODUCT OF GENERAL FOODS 




STATE OF THE UNION: BETTER 



WALK, DO NOT RUN 

"The Ford [stock] offering," a Wall Street 
broker predicts, "may ring up the curtain OH 
an era of mass middle-class investuig. ... 
Common stocks may yet take their place aloil|^ 
side the family car, dccp-freeze and Bendix.'" 
We hope this prophecy comes true. We have 
repeatedly argued that the more Americans 
becnsM partial owners of their industries, the 
doaer oar economy will be to an industrial 
democracy. 

If that can be Inrmight about. Ford provides 
the fitting way to start it As mudi as any 
enterprise, it gave that economy its modem 
shape — cheap mass transportation, assembly 
line, nlas^ production, high wages, small profit 
on big volume. As a $2.5 bilHon giant grown 
out of Henry Ford's shoestring of $28,000, it 
is also an ideal symbol of how an investor's 
dollar can grow. 

Undoubtedly thousands of new investors 
are being created by this, the biggest stock 
distribution in history. We think these small 
investors who are placing a flood of orders are 
wise to get all the Fdrd slock they can and 
that if they keep it dvi t the years it will re- 
ward them with good returns and growth. 

However, a few words of warning are in 
order. The demand for this stock is so huge 
that it cannot be met even by the 10.2 million 
shares l}eiiig issued. Consequently, once the 
Stock is traded, the rush to buy it in the open 
market could drive the price sky-higli - and if 
thousands bought it at unsound levels, they 
could burn their fingers badly. What the pub- 
lic needs lo keep in iiiiml i~ lhat the stock is 
being .sold at just alxiut what it is worth in 
relation to its earnings. The estimated price 
of 70 would he just about nine times the in- 
dicated 1933 earnings of S7.7.3 a share, or just 
in between \n here smaller (.^hrvster ami hi;^^er 
GM are selling. That is just about the order 
which pr(^bably is jusliliej by past hi.-torv and 
future potentials. If the pulilii- I'uthusiasm 
should drive Ford stock higher than GM's 
price-eai'nings ratio, the rules o! logic are 
that sooner or later the price will be driven 
back down to a realistic range. Our advice, 
then, is lo buy all the Ford stock vou can 
get, and can afford, at the issue price, but 
il yuu can't get any, wait until its trading 
settles down. That way, you can become a 
capitalist — without regrets. 



Nor yet grown stiffer with command 
But still in the Republick's hand: 
How fit he is to sway 
That can so well obey. 

Marveix 

President Eisenhower has now delivered his 
fourth annual message no the State of the 
Unicm. If you look back over them, each 
message since 1951 echoes or even repeats 
the proposals and policies of its predecessor, 
but the state of llie Union he reports gets 
better every year. 

The real purport of last wedc's message 
accordingly lies not just in its bearing on 
1956, but in the perspective of three ftdl 
Eisenhower years. 

If "our se<;urity posture commands re- 
spect ... at shar|>lv reduced cost." it is 
because ot relornis begun in 19.5.3. Hie free- 
ing and reilireclioii of the economy similarly 
began then, as did extensions of social secu- 
rity and civil rights. The President's latest 
proposals would require at least 46 added 
pieces of legislation, some new, many left 
over from previous requests, but none of 
them unprecedented or unexpected. 

At the same time he was able to report 
more peace (absence of shooting) than the 
world has known since the mid- lO.'-iOs, and 
more [)rospcritv than anv nation ever knew 
in anv age. Peace .idiI pi i i~peritv : these arc 
powerful claims and slogans for an election 
year. Accordingly the ncmocTats. led by Sen- 
ator Lyndon Johnson, lost no time in de- 
nouncing the State of the Union message 
as political. 

Any speech made by an ofRceholder in 
1956 is necessarily somewhat political. The 
national problem will be to confine partisan 
statements on both sides to issues of real 
importance to the nation. Senator Johnson 
and llinise Leader MrCormack dcncninced 
this speech for overoptiniisrn about the for- 
eign situation. This line of partisan attack, 
first patented by .Averell Harriman, is likelier 
to serve the national interest than any other 
the Democrats could adopt. 

• 

The case gainst Republican complaoenoe 
toward the G>mmuni8t threat is not an open 
and shut one. As the article on page 70 msikes 
clear, Dulles and Eisenhower have pretty 
well known what they were doing. If Ike's 
new nu.'ssage souiuls nostalgic hu' the spirit 
of Geneva, he refu.ses to ciuinlciiance such 
"vast wrongs" as the division oi Germany 
and "the bondage of millions elsewhere." 
In any case the Democrats will do us all a 
service by concentrating their vigilance and 
their needling on any signs of softness or 
omission in our foreign policy. For the Com- 
munist threat to the free world is certainly 
greater than many Republicans realize: great- 
er than any announced administration plans 
to cope with it, and greater than the popular 
mood, amid all this peace and prosperity, is 
likely to want to be toM. It needs to be told, 



by Democratic and Rqtublican leaders alike. 

As for the Eisenhower domestic program, 
one can argue many details, but this last 

message shows how completely it has man- 
aged to bestride the main road. After three 
years ol quiet but steady development, the 
famed middle way " or "<lvnamic conserva- 
tism" has left little room for opposition 
traffic either to right or left. Of all major in- 
terest groups only the farmer has a real 
beef, and he is therefore the ilarling of both 
parties. Other Democratic charges, such as 
RqiuUican favoritism to big business, could 
be answered if anyone could hear them in 
the roar of the boom. 

This roar not only drowns criticism. It 
also obscures, by causing to he taken for 
gratitcd. the full scope of the Republicans' 
three-year domestic achievement. 

Eisenhower aiul his team have a coherent 
economic philosophy, and they have been at 
great pains to put it into effect. Its ingre- 
dients are the integrity of the dollar, the 
efficacy of free markets and inrivate initia- 
tive, and the use of imliTect rather than 
direct governmental controls. By quiet but 
conrerli'il action the Republicans have em- 
ployed this philosophy to stop a 15-year in- 
flation that had almost become endemic in 
our system; to regain control id the federal 
budget and maneuycr it toward the balance 
which Ike can now promise for 1956 and 
1957; to spot in advance the recession of 
1954 and hold it within tolerable limits; 
and to lay the base for, without yet losing 
control of, this unparalleled boom. They 
have secured for us three major economic 
blessings which had previously seemed polit- 
ically incompatible: rising wages, lower taxes 
and stable prices, all at the same time. Presi- 
dential Assistant Gabriel Hauge. one of the 
architects of this economic [iliilosophy. calls 
it: "the way to a welfare society without the 
regimentation of a welfare state." 

"Dynamic conservatism" is more than an 
economic policy. As Hauge put it. it takes 
the long view; it insists "that change be 
progress, that there be continuity and'steadi- 
ness on the course." The prime demoit of 
continuity between the Eisenhower adminis- 
tration and the American past — and there- 
fore, we may hope, with the American future 
— is the principle of limited government, the 
essence of our constitutii>nal svstem. .'\s the 
final dralt of his message was heading toward 
the mimeograph last fortnight. Ike himself 
wrote in this new senttMice: " This record (d 
progress has been accomplished with a self- 
imposed caution against unnecessary and 
unwise interference in the private affairs of 
our people, of their cMumunities and of the 
several states." To have strengthened this 
prini'iple of limitation in a time of grave 
peril, and made it an instrument oCdonUBtlC 
prosperity and good feeling, is the heart of 
the Eisenhower accomplishment. 



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KISSING A COLLEAGUE, Johnson greets Mouse 
Speaker Sam Rayburn on latter's 74th birthday. 



NATION'S NO. 2 
HEART CASE 



Johnson looks fit in his old job 

Pronounced fit by his doctors, Senator Lyndon 
Johnson, who last summer had been brushed 
by death, was back on the job in Washington. 
With the reconvening of the 81th Congress in 
a presidential election year, the Texas senator 
faced an arduous task in his role of Senate 
majority leader: to push legislation on such 
major issues as farm policy, foreign aid, edu- 
cation and highways, and insure that all the 
achievements have the Democratic stamp. 

Six months ago, bone-weary from overwork. 
Senator Johnson was stricken with a heart at- 
tack similar to that suffered last September by 
President Eisenhower. Now fully rested, Sen- 
ator Johnson has been cleared to take on his 
many duties in the Senate but must observe a 
carefully regulated schedule of work and rest. 




GREETING A RIVAL, Johnson talks with Minor- 
ity Leader KnowlanJ at banquet both addressed. 



-TAKING COMMAND, Johnson calls fellow senator 
to a meeting on the day of Slate of Union message. 

CONTINUED 




Stomach UPSET? 

/hCfig^Hon? Nqus&o? Oiotth^Q? 

Hospital Tests prove Pepto-Bismol works 
where Soda and Alkalizers fail! 




Pepto-Bismol helps soothe in 

the stomach . ..where overdoses 
of soda and alkalizers may actu- 
ally prolong the upset! 

Pepto-Bismol also helps calm 
distreu in the intestinal tract 
. . . where soda and alkalizers 



help! 



Pepto-Bismol's special medicinal formula soothes hoth the 
irritated stomach and intestinal walls with a gentle coating 
action. It helps retard gas formation; calm heartburn, 
nausea. Hospital tests also prove it controls simple diarrhea 
—without constipating. No wonder Pepto-Bismol is 
America's leading family remedy for upset stomach ! 

VS. MOTWtRi ! Pepto-Bismol is effective, mild, safe for 
children, too. They love its wonderful flavor I 



8 



A NOflWICH PROOUCr 



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35 



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CONTINUED 




PRESIDING AT POLICY LUNCH. Johnson meet.? Senate .stratt^ists. 
from left are Senate Serreiarv Felton John^^lnn. Senators Murray, 



Others .1 
Green. ! 




ESCORTING LADY BIRD, Johnson's pet name for his wife, the Senator 
leaves a women s press d'nner. Senator Magnuson (D., Wash.) is at the ri^t 




TAKING HIS REST. prescril»ed by Hoetors. Johnson lies down in office after 

Itiiirli. Ilr .il-'i iir\ ci^lit lumrs' sleep nightly, and take mild exenHne, 




AU- » \liliri,J. Hlt)M Mt MHLll i OMl-AMbS OK HI HIMM, I »>.\ INHLM IUKS 



And there's extra magic 
in this Birthday because she knows she looks her best 



A vpry special occasion . . . Iiri- iwciiiN-firsI birthday. 
She'll rpmemhrr this \i onderfiil Day for a long lime to 
come. The way she's dressed helps, too . . . definitely 
does something (or her. 

Thesi- cla\s we can all feel really well-dressed on 
almost any oeeasion. Tlierc arc so many new fabrics 
that make vour clothes look belter and feel better — 



make them easier to take care of and cost less to buy. 

Our yonnf; lady's dress, for instance, is made of 
Biirhnpton's "Kclair, " a luxurious blend of I'otton and 
nylon. This easy-lo-rare-for fabric is another new de- 
velopment from Hurlinplon, style leader and con- 
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Everything brightens up with 
brisk LIPTON TEA 



No other drink does what brisk Lipton 
Tea does for you ! 

There's nothing better when you need a 
lift. And it's the right kind of lift! For . . . 
with the first few sips . . . you relax. Then 
— you seem to gather your forces. Every 
steaming cupful perks you up. Makes it 
easier to cope with things. 



Lipton's famous brisk flavor does it! It 
makes Lipton richer, more satisfying than 
other teas . . . livelier, cleaner-tasting than 
other beverages. 

Try brisk Lipton Tea today, and stay 
with it for a while. You'll feel a big differ- 
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meal-time drink there is! 



OET THE RIOHT KIND OF LIFT— DRINK BRISK LIPTON TBAI 



)yric|V\lecl.in'5^ al 



A LOOK AT 
THE WORLD'S WEEK 





Jm 



LAST LINK TO LIFE FOR JAPANESE SAILOR 



The thin line beneath a U.S. Air Force helicopter 
meant the last Unk to lil'c for the Japanese freighter 
Tanda Maru. Driven aground off Honshu Island by 
gales that sank over 50 other ships, the Tanda Maru 



was crumbling under towering seas when the heli- 
copter circled overliead and lowered a line. Painstak- 
ingly the plane ferried the men to shore, saved 14 of 
the 21-man crew before the ship broke up and sank. 




LAST-SECOND KICK FOR ROSE BOWL VICTORY 



With seven seconds to go and the score tied, tense 
Rose Bowl spectators in Pasadena, Calif, held their 
breaths and watched the ball sail up toward the goal 
posts. It floated through and the 41-yard field goal 



gave Michigan State a 17-14 victory over U.C.L.A. 
Because of an announcer's error, most of the crowd 
left not knowing the hero was Dave Kaiser, who had 
never before made a field goal in college competition. 



CONTINUED 




□ 



BIG TOP SODA — Three big dips 
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at 



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Now New, 
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MUSTEROLE 

works faster 

to break up 
chest cold 
congestion! 

Wonderful news for cold sufferers! 
New, Improved Musterolc now has a 
new special ingi-edient that gives 
rapid relief to the discomfort of pain- 
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Just feel the surge of this greater, 
deeper, speedier relief when you rub 
on New, Improved Musterole! Now. 
its exclusive formula gives you even 
quicker results than before • Its amaz- 
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/aster to help unkink stiff and sore 
muscles. It helps reduce swelling and 
inflammation, has deeper action for 
speedier results. 

Its comforting permeating heat 
helps break up acute upper bronchial 
congestion. Its vaporized heat — medi- 
cated vapors that rise from the chest 
— helps loosen localized nasal and 
throat congestion! 

New, deeper-acting Musterole feels 
like a sunny poultice on tight chest, 
throat and back. Its special kind of 
relief goes to sore muscles, feels as 
if it's "baking out" those aching 
muscles of a cold. Although Mus- 
terole now has a new ingredient. It 
costs you no more! 

The only rub in three different 
strengths: Child's Mild for kiddies, 
Regular for adults. Extra Strong for 
severe cases — all new, Improved! 
Musterole has been recommended by 
many doctors for years! Get New, 
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Acid Indigestion? 
Heartburn? Gas? 

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wr«h handy TUMS 
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metal tums carrier. All just 
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WORLD'S WEEK CONTINUED 




BROTHERS IN ARMS 

Hashim Khan, 41, and brother Azam Khan, 29, of Pakistan are. at the 
mdment, the world's two best squash players. Entered in the U.S. 
Open Squash Racqm-ls (Championship in New York, they met in the 
finals. Hashim, sbi>« n reaching around Azam for a shot. won. He has 
beaten bis younger brother 11 times in 11 major matches, lost only one 
tournament (Life. .(an. 2S. 19.54) In 10 years of bigtime competition. 




SPATTERED SHRINERS 

.\ group of Sbriners, masters of fun-raising, became the butt of an 
inadvertent joke in San Francisco. As they stood in full dress at the 
Kasl-West game, an ambulance speeded by, spattered mud over them, 
and they were photographed before they realized what had happened. 

CONTINUED 





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"'OlCATtD 



The story of 

AMULOUS GUY 
AWODERFUL GIRL 

and the 

EXCnMG MUSIC 

they made 
together! 





STEVE AiiEN^DONM Reed 

WITH GENE KRUPA • LIONEL HAMPTON • BEN POLLACK TEDDY WILSON • EDWARD" KID" ORY 
^fu»4tStcA4 HARRY JAMES • MARTHA TILTON • ZIGGY ELMAN '^t^ c^oAlMit^ BBNhfY GOOmqA/ /-^ 

Written and Directed by VALENTINE DAVIES ■ Produced by AARON ROSENBERG 



COMING SOON TO YOUR FAVORITE THEATRE 



WORLD'S WEEK CONTINUED 



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RCA Picture Tubes 

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Sm "AUilic for (he AVI/ions" on PKODUCERS' SHOWCASE, Monday, January 30 over NSC-TV 




A HOT PARIS LANDMARK 

At dawn one day lasi week a lire liroke nut in llie television relay sta- 
tion atop the eherished Eiffel Tower. Arriving on the scene, Parisian 
firemen lounil llial the elevators were not yet running. Bravely they 
paiiled up llie 1,700 steps in 1.5 niiiiules and quickly put out the blaze. 




A COOL HOUSING UNIT 

In a model liouse a group celebrated the biggest single home air- 
conditioning project. Standing at window is William Levitt, who 
will put air conditioning into 702 new houses in his Levittown, Pa. 
development. In window is (;ioud Wampler, Carrier Corp. president 
who will sell Levitt an estimated $1 million worth of units. Seated is 
the Bert Edmunds family w hich will occupy one of the 819,000 homes. 




"So much like the spaghetti you get in Portofino... 



' ^ If you've ever eaten spaghetti in Portofino— or in 
"^'^ ■one of the little cafes in Rome or Naples— you know 
the true Italian dish. 

We think you'll be reminded of it— the minute you 
taste Chef Boy-Ar-Dee Spaghetti and Meat Balls. 

For here is the same kind of rich red sauce— excit- 
ingly zcstful and nippy, without quite burning. And 
the thin strands of spaghetti, cooked to a perfect point 
of tenderness— neither hard nor soggy. 

Even the meat balls ( you can tett they're made with 
pure beef! ) arc cooked I tallan-style.the juices sealed in. 

It's a dish only an Italian chef can cook .so well. ,'\nd 



only Chef Boy-Ar-Dee of all brands brings it to you 
this side of the ocean! Get some for your family and 
friends — and yourself! — to enjoy. It's only about 13^ 
a serving, in handy 2-serving and S-serving cans. 

You'll find the same fine Italian flavor in Chef's 
Spaghti ti Dinners, Ravioli and Sauces, too. Try them. 
Lei Chef bring you a taste of real Italian cooking. 

real Italian -style 
CHEF BOY-AR-DEE® 
Spaghetti and Meat Balls 





Copyrighted material 



PART VII 
AMERICA'S ARTS AND SKILLS 

The Timeless 
Southwest 



A BLENDING OF OLD CULTURES 
HAS SHAPED ITS UNIQUE STYLE 



Photographed for LIFE by ELIOT ELISOFON 




CLIFF HOUSE, ancestor iif puehlo, was built 
ot adobe about 1100 A.U. in natural cave near Flaj;- 
stair, Ariz. It bas live stories, txMised ,>0 Indians. 



The first architects in what is now the U.S. were the puehlo-ilwelling 
Indians of the Southwest. They were building multifamily apartment 
houses more than 800 years ago, and when the first Spanish colonists 
arrived in 1598 they found the Indians living in permanent towns and 
possessed of an advanced culture. Unlike the English then settling the 
Atlantic Coast — Santa Fe was founded in 1609, two years after Jamestow n 
— the Spaniards did not destroy the Indian way of life. Instead they 
adopted it, using their own tools and techniques to create a blend of 
Indian and Spanish that became the unique style of the Southwest. 

The blend produced a striking and timeless design in architecture, as 
valid today as it was a millennium ago. The Spaniards took over the In- 
dians' favorite material, adobe, which is mud mixed from the clay-and- 
gypsum desert soil and hardened by the desert sun. The Indians piled 
up layers of adobe by hand to make their homes, and then they piled 



their homes in layers (belou) to make a pueblo, or town. The Spaniards 
improved the method, mixing adobe with straw and liking it in portable 
bricks. On their cattle ranches they built low, wide, adobe houses which 
developed into the contemporary U.S. ranch house style. 

The old Spanish Southwest was a va.st area including present New Mex- 
ico and .'\rizona, plus parts of Utah, Colorado and Texas. California was a 
separate and later part of the Spanish empire. There the local Indians had 
no building tradition and the Franciscan padres followed the ornate reli- 
gious architecture of Spain and Mexico. This style, executed in adobe 
and other native materials, flowered fully at San Juan (^apislrano {oppo- 
site page), one of the 21 California missions. The open-air patio around 
which the mission buildings were grouped was adopted in many parts 
of the U.S. It is especially useful in the arid Southwest, providing airy 
coolness by day and radiating stored sunlight from its paving at night. 



r 



MISSION GARDEN of San Juan Capistrano near San Gabriel, Calif., where 
doves flutter around the pool, is flanked hy hell wall. Behind the wall is a 1777 
chapel. At upper right are ruins of a large church destroyed by IB12 earthquake. 



ADOBE PUEBLO at Tao8» N. Mex. is still populated by 500 Indians who 
use ladders because they have no inside stairs. This five-stnry "North House" 
pueblo was built about 1700 to replace a much older structure which burned. 



CONTINUED 



Cl 



4 




AU.^SIOK C'HL RCH d San K-lel«m Kev Imill in Ib Uls stands atop a sleep 
mesa at Acoina, a 1,0()() year-nlcl .New Mexico pnelilo. The adolie. tlie liupe timbers, 
even tJie soil for llie priest's garden were carried up 357 feet by Indian laborers. 



Builders of churches, 
workers in wood 

UiiarmcJ and often on foot, aeross liuiiclreds of miles of dangerous desert, 
came the hardy Spaiiisli friars who won the Southwest for Christianity. 
In New Mexico, where Indian arcliitecturc was well established, and where 
a local priest was oulnunil)ere<l by his congregation by as much as 1,00() 
to one, the Spanish < liun h builders followed the low and massive puehlo 
style, enlarging; it a little to aeeoniniodate s([uare hell towers (filiove). 

Inside, the .New Mexico churches were often lavishly decorated by Indi- 
an artists who combined religious themes of the Renaissance with age-old 
Indian symbols and exuberant Indiati colors which had been developed ii> 
their ancient ceremonial paintings. Tliese native American folk artists 
were known as sunliriis, or makers of saints, and their great masterpiece is 
the sanctuary of San Jose (right). The sdiitrros also carved and sold many 
small images, or siiiilos, which are now eagerly sought by collectors. From 
tin cans discarded by American soldiers in the l8 K)s and ".SOs, the ingen- 
ious New Mexican craftsmen fashioned dainty wall shrines to hidd their 
family saints, like the one which hangs in the dining room at far right. 




WOOD I'URMSHlNGSofchnrches an- ifi 10 slairs of .San Kslcban (/.//). a 
crude copy of Kuropean tiesifin. i TOO pnlpil nt l.as Trampas (r//?/j/), with refined 
carving of a local mountain n ildilower. I'ricsl still clinde ladder to enter pulpit. 



SOUTHWEST 




MISSION ALTARPIECF. of San W at Lajjuna. N. M s. i. rirhl> a.lnr.M .I 
with native mntvro jmintinj^s nf Holy Trinity and three patron saints — San Juan 
Nepomuceno, San ht»c, Santa Barbara. Above hangs a canopy of buffalo or elk 




^kin painlftl in Irtn|iora Irt.lLin -.vniinil!. itf sun. rtn-.-r;. ;.e.ii;mi,v .hhI >I;irs 

U>r(]ereil liy riieriil»^. I-J^'ltiw. ccnlfr. is a Imrkskin aiiti'pcntltnni paiiitr<] in Kiiro- 
pean llural pallcrrm and Hanked by two Mnmll jtanrU v\itli \ivitl Indian def^igns. 




LIV ABI.K EPri'OMK .d S.u^ll\^t■^t ad.d«- >is\c is tUh Spanish Sante Ke 
lionip (if Irt(M), wiilt twn->iurv Anirriian addition in rear. The Indian vif;a=. or 
riMtf l>oams, project tlirougli the walls, following (he design of the early pueblos. 




lil'SA CAPITAL of Spanisli cidonv. slioun ; ; li<»;:rnpli, wa-; Santa 

I'r. with adidie corral {fitrcprouiifl), ratlifdral and (.ii\criii>r .s I'alat-e at rifilit rear. 
Yankee iiuadiTs seized Santa Fe in 1JHI6, annexed the wliole Sonlliwest in UtlH. 




TASTK.rrK SIMPLICITY' of Sjunisb r»donia! inlrnors is reprcMlined in 
mttdern New Mexiro b<inie above. Hoof l>eanis are split redar. jirai-efnl cliamlelier 
and sconces are made of tin. Oil trastero eiijiboard {rifiht) is small wo(hI stiiitn. 



CONTINUED 

Copyrighted matcnai 



Elegant products 
of the saddlers craft 



/'•"\ 



.-.I 
■I 



The Spaniards bruuglit llic firsl hi)rsrs to America and on their 
ranches in nld Vlexiid lhe\ devehipeil the roomy Western sloek 
saddle. I'heir saildles were rirhly decorated « ilii finely looh'd leath- 
er and embroidery in imporled designs like the Vh-ililerranean acan- 
thus leal (/"/) far Irfl). Ornainenlal sil\er on saiiilles was a later 
Mexican iilea which reached it> peak alter 19(K). 

The saddle's basic ilcsigri changed in many practical ways as it 
moved north into tin' U.S. The old (lalilornia sadille shown second 
from lell. lop. lor instance, still has the inmhila. a separate leather 
cover that lilted over the saddle tree. This Spanish survival was too 
cumliei'some for ihi' U.S. open range, so it was replaced by a short 
leather skirl seweil under the saddle {iijipi r ri^lil). A distinct Amer- 
ican improvement was the swelled fork saddle show ii directly hclov\-, 
which is tradilional in its lavish decoralion but modern in its 
workmanlike design. Heri' the oval swelling just under the horn 
gi\es the cowboy {'Mra hrg grip v\hen his sleed bucks or rears. 




PARADK SADDLE owned by Los 
Angeles' mayor has tapaderos (fool cov- 
erings), silver horn, goat's hair plume.'!. 

LOS ANGCLCS COUNTY MUSEUM 




I 

''A 



DKN\ 1:R S.VDDLE nt Ih:.-> has a 
hiii-king rr>ll laslled tteliinil its horn to 
help cowboy slay on a bucking pony. 




COL.ORAOO 5TATC MUSEUM 



KVNCV SADDLE lia> swelled fork 
under ils li<)rn, rinintl siiivrr ctmchax, 
('arvcil Iralhi^r oak leaves ami acorns. 

MR. a MI«S. GODWIN PCL-ISSERO. GOCETA. CAUF. 



■.• -1- : , - • • . . . , , ■ Copyrighted'materlal . 

\ •■J 'f'.i '-i—^ J. k .. . I --J—C ! . ^ : . :^ • . • ^ 4j X 




Handmade tools 
and trappings of the 
cattle kingdom 



All of the gadgets in the picture above were used by Texas cowboys in 
their daily work of tending tattle, the great economic product of the 
American Southwest. Here tliey arc displayed against an expanse of the 
Texas Paiihandh' plains, a region so dry and desolate that it was not con- 
quered until tile IHiiOs liy the tough Texas longhorn steer. 

Many of these objects were made by the cowboy himself to suit his 
personal needs and iileaa of decoration. They are museum pieces today 
because their funi tinnal design illustrates the use they were put to. The 
silver-mounted linmc-bustcr's belt which hangs on the fence, at left of 
the longhorn skull, was made by a cowboy on the Texas Matador Ranch. 
It supported his back and abdomen while be was breaking a Iractious 





! 



Iiorse. To the right of the skull is more of the cinvhoy's leather armor — 
a pair of straight "shotgun" chaps which prolecteJ his legs from tlioriiy 
hrush or cactus. Next arc some wider and fancier "hat-wing" chaps 
which appeared in Texas in the 1890s and are still widely used. Cowhoys 
like them hecause they snap on, and can be removed without pulling off 
spurs. Next to the chaps is a hand-plailcd leather fjuirt. Attached to tlic 
gatepost is a saddle holster with a Winchester Model 73 rifle, used to 
exterminate coyotes. On the gate arc a silver-decorated leather bridle 
and {right) an older bridle of hand-w oven horsehair. 

On the ground, at left rear, are a cowboy's Stetson hat with four-inch 
brim, a pair of leather gauntlets and an array of historic branding irons. 



The corkscrew objects at far left and front right are picket pins, which 
were screwed into the earth to tether a horse. The s[)urs at front left in- 
clude handmade and shopmade varieties with round and star-shaped 
rowels. The rowels with long spikes were called "Chihuahua rowels" in 
Texas, where the shorter, less punishing spikes were preferred. 

In the center are American types of stirrups and bits, grouped around 
an ivory-handled Colt revolver. The very heavy bit at far front was called 
a "jawbreaker," and was only used on a dangerous horse. At far right is a 
wire cutter, and behind it strands of barbed «ire, an American invention 
wlii< h was patented in 1874 by Joseph Gliddcn of Illinois. Behind the 
w ire are a hull w hip and lariats of plaited rawhide (right) and horsehair. 



CONTINUED 



i 



SOUTHWEST 




NAVAIH) lil.A\K.K'rS LSI-: NATINK \\(KJ1„ KlCIl Cl)l.ll|<^, I l< \i )1 IK )N \L IMJIW :>Uii 



[111. isy-j, IS AT lAR l.KKr 



Indian arts which persist 




INDIAN J lew liLR V airav iiuluile- ((u/i. Uj'lj ^a^alln iiiTklacf iil liiri|ui)i!.4-, i.l ain|uniM- ami ^il^(•r. bni^ lirlt ai rii-s n'llliT was liariirTiL-ieil from silver coins, 

a Southwest gem stone wliicli Indians used heforc they worked in silver. Next to I ndiT it (ri/ihl) are liracclet, necklace, peniiatil willi red shell. At lioltom is sil- 
it is prehistoric shell necklace. Below this are a small ring and large ornaments ver necklace in popular si|iiash-lilossom design, archer's wrist guard {far right). 




INDIA 1 1 1 k ^ I II 1 1 1 1 - I ;i was s()U|H*iI l>y luini] liin! tin-d in [»rimiti\r Imw I lur 'I' u i . i : i . i ! | ; ; i i i 

kiins. Kaif \liriii»r<'.- Imwl ilttitcr lvjt\ was madt- alnnit 11(H) A.Ii. and jiainted and large jar I rum .San la ( llara: larj:r |»iit ni /inn cuiiu^ (/(y) ; /ia uahr jar; .>uii- 

with litelike fish. Olhrrs lisird »'Ini'k«iso: IVwa (ndy('hn»me water jar; Ac<Mna U* Onniingn ho\%l; /ami jar: aix ient Socnrro jiir: iii()d«*rn Hopi houl {front, right). 



CONTINUED 



sorriTWFST 





CARVKD DOORS at San Juan Caj.istraiK. are 
niadf iif tialivc woods. "River of liie" {lattern at 
left willi wavy lines syinUtlizing the four Gospels 



Phases of the 




BKLI/rOWKR of San Carlos 
Borromeo at Carniel sfiows t^ri^^- 
inal Moorish influence on Sjutn- 
isli design. This famous t-hurrh 
was the headquarters of Father 
Serra, wlio huilt nine of tlie mis- 
sions. Small round objects tm 
facade are nnid swallnws' nesls. 



WOOD SCULPl'URE of 
Saint IJonedict was carvcH by 
an Indian neoptiyle anil stuix] 
in an ouliloor niche at San (jir- 
[n<i B<irrnniO(i. Its [lasic flr-i^n 
is Knropcan tint the UiMly cnt 
enwl, symhf>lizeH hv eurvtvl lanp 
over hcati, is a primitive tuuch. 



In coldtiial California, Spanish ideas, Mexican 
additions, Indians' work <*onihined to produce 
the "(',aIifornia Mission" style. The origins of 
this style are traeeti on these pages in details 
from the original missions, all of which were 
built between 1769 and 1823. 

The rounded arch, used for mission win- 
dows and doorways and repeated in the long 
arcailes, was inherited by the Spaniards from 
the Romans. From the Moors of North .Vfriea 
came the decorative and cooling patio an<l 




FRESCOED WALLS of the governor's room ut 
San Fernand<i mission were diseovereil under a coat 
of whitewash in 1935. These Indian paintings were 







is still used on many Califttrnia doors. AbslracI 
geometric design at right has no religious mean- 
ing, resembles the pattern on old Spanish doors. 



mission style 



the Oriental shapes of the prominent hell 
towers. The principal building material ol 
the missions was native adobe brick, usually 
covered with stucco, and this accounts lor 
the missions* thick walls. 

The early missions were roofed with lule 
thatch. But after many fires the first fireproof 
roof tiles were made at San Luis Obispo in 
1786. These bright red overlapping roof cov- 
erings became standard at all the missions and 
they are still used on many California houses. 





OPKN -CORRKDOIV at 
San l'Vriiarnli» tnis-'ion is 2\'i 
fed hiitg uilli 19 arclies. This 
long arcade lolloweil the design 
of old Spanish convents anil 
[imvided a shady place to walk 
anil meditate. The stuccoed pil- 
lars arc built of kitn-Hrcd brick. 




1 



copied innii designs imported by the Franciscan 
friars. Though less iniaginalive tiian the altar work 
of New Mexico, they have a fresh charm of their own. 



IRON CROSS used to :^lan.l 
atop the Liell touer al San Oir- 
III* Borromeo (upper left). Il 
was made by Indians trained by 
artisans Inmi Mexico. The deco- 
rative scroll ilcsigri is (Christian 
ami Spanish in nrigin and was 
often seen in trii»iim yrillwnrk. 




CONTINUED 



SOUTIIWIvST CONTINUED 
r 




l*'ORTII'"lhJJ OL 1 IHJ^i'.il >paui-ii pourrui Caiih.riiiu \Nii^ San iranri^i-u, 
shown almve in an 1816 lillioprapli. Tlie pre^iitiu at u\t\)vr left was Imilt in 1776 
arounil a large srjuuri" palit>. Tlie Imlian;; in luinclntlis are brin^inj; in (irewuod. 



From the rancho, 
a contemporary style 



After the Mexieaii revolution of 1821 tlie great laiiJ ami cattle lioMiii^^ 
of the (.aliforiiia inissiuiis were broken up In the fjovernini-nt. anil pri- 
vate ranehers moved in. The houses which they built retained the mis- 
sion patio anil cormlor as basic features. But beeause the ranehers lived 
outdoor lives and felt no need for cnmpliealed architecture, their houses 
took on the linv. horizontal shape that was typical of the New Mexican 
adobe. The ranch house patio became a garden and courtvard. around 
which the wings of the house were grouped. The cormlor liecame a lung 
veranda, with graceful wood posts and railings instead of thick pillars 
and arches. Cliairs and benches were set along it to make a shady resting 
place for the ranch ow ner and the vaqueros — his cowboys. 

Because of its great versatility, the (California ranch house style has 
lately become a universal favorite with U.S. home designers. Its clean, 
functional lines can l>e expanded almost indefinitely without damaging 
its proportions, and this is especially true in the wide-open Southwest. 
No one knows who cut the lust "picture window ' in a ranch bouse. But 
the use of large glass areas was a natural develo|)menl where sunlight is 
often the main source of beat, and where beautiful gardens and patios 
deserve to be seen. In the modern ranch house at riglit lielow, wide win- 
dows and a magniricent mountain setting have been combined with tra- 
ditional design to make an inviting sample of Southwest living today. 




MISSION' STYLE mi i i i"' fjlifomia Imiises Iwforc tlie runi'li 

house liecanie more popular. In tins San Marino home tlie missions" red tile roofs, 
thick stuccoed walls and small windows have been duplicated almost exactly. 





R.WCH HOL'SI\ .lin lM|,ini iii i~ iilii-ir.iicil liy ihi-sp Iwn examples. Iiuill 
years apiirl. Tlie I8().") Ijs Mores ranch house above, near Oceanside, Calif., is 
niailc ofailolw uitli ;i comtciI vcraiula aIon<; its whole length. The veranda was 





u!s(> a liallway to tlir rooms, wliicli ha*\ n<» inside <if><>r«. Below is a 19.13 ranch facin;; the monntain, arc ihrer more patios with walU. The veranda ilsolf lias 

house at Monterito. (^lif . designed hy (lliff Mav, considered the dean of modern Iwconie an mitdonr room, ^wlh furrn'liire j-ronfiinjis ami [dan Is moved afiainsl ific 

ran4-h iiouse arehileels. Its ^ -sliafM-d \\ injis enehise an open patio, and in I he rear, walls, I^r^e ^las.- « itidows ^ivi' a feeling ol e\tra space to the one--lorv ititerlor. 




T 




The Ford Parklanc Station Wagon is brand-new! Car- 
peted throujjhniit, this 2-door, O-passenj^er dandy has 
limousine comfort and doesn'traind rolling up its sleeves. 

I 



Why Ford, tops the "tote -tern Poll ! 



Thunderbird styling . . .Thunderbird 
"GO"... and Lifeguard safety are just 
a few of the reasons why more people 
buy Ford station wagons than the next 
two makes combined! 

Yes ! There are more reasons than ever why 
Fords are favorites among the station wagon 



set ! These stunning do-it-alls with Thunderbird- 
inspired styling are head-turners wherever you 
go. And whether you choose a 2-door, 4-door, 
six- or eight-passenger wagon, Ford's Stowa- 
way seat lets you convert it from luxury liner 
to cargo carrier in a split jiffy. 

But Thunderbird looks and a "double life" 
aren't the only reasons for the popularity of 
Ford station wagons. You can have the 



Thunderbird's "GO," too, at no extra cost for 
the new Thunderbird Y-8 engine is the standard 
eight in all Ford station wagon models. 

To top it all off. Fords are the only wagons 
with Lifeguard Design ... a new family of 
safety features which help protect you and yours 
from the major cau.ses of injuries in the event 
of accidents. Come in soon! Choose the Ford 
station wagon to fit your living scheme. 



- u (2) y 




8-passenser Country Sedan — This 4-door beauty Ranch Wagon — This all-around favorite for work Custom Ranch Wagon — It's a 2-door, 6-pas3enger 
gives easy access to both front and rear seats. or play has two big doors, easily holds G big people. fashion plate. Easy-to-clean interior can take it. 




Country Squire — Mahogany-linished steel panels 6-passenger Country Sedan — It has 4-door conven- 
give woodlike beauty. 4 doors, 8 passengers big. ience and, like all '56 Fords, has Lifeguard Design. 



— They sell more because 
they're wQcth more ! 

"^'^ '56 FORD 

STATION WAGONS 



SOUTI IW'IUST CONT.NUEO 




MISSION STYLE at its peak is seen in VM)0 pliotograpli of Roycroft 
Inn at East Aiir<)ra. N.Y. Morris i-liairs {left ami right furcgroutitl) . tallies 
and sofas were hamlmailc hy craftsiTien in shops udjoiniiip inn. Here lliey are 
shoun with Southwe&l Indian nip*. Ijeamed reiling, "art slas-s" hanging lamps. 



Mission in the home 



The sturdy "rnission" furiiituro \vhirh storked thousands of U.S. 
parlors at the turn of the century was inspired in part hy the design 
and materials- usually fumed or natural oak — of Spanish mission 
furniture in the Southwest. The mission style as it appeared in eastern 
homes was developed liy Gustave Stickley. a Syracuse. N.Y. craftsman 
and editor w ho helieved that I .S. family life should he simple, durahle 
and devoid of needless luxury. He tried to make his furniture patterns 
reflect those wholesome virtues. Stiekley's designs herame a national 
craze under the sponsorship of Elhert Huhhard. a supersalesman of 
culture and soap— he invented the coupon system. At the famous 
Roycrofters shops in East .\urora. N.Y.. Huhhard's employes turned 
out handmade mission tahles, sofas and henehes which still give solid 
service after many decades of wear. 

.\n especially popular mission piece was the Morris chair named 
after the English poet arifl han<licraft teacher, William Morris. Morris 
chairs had adjustahle hacks, upholstery pads which were easy to re- 
move and clean, and thick, four square arms and legs {iilmvc). Mission 
parlor tahles often had built-in hookshelves at each end and mission 
sofas were sometimes made with magazine racks attached. In such 
designs and in tlieir clean rectangular lines mission pieces clearly 
foreshadowed the functional "modern" furniture of the present day. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

Ltfe is indehlcfl lo ilie following (>erst)ns uful instiiiittons fur special assist- 
ance in the preparation of (his essay: K. Hoyd. Reginald Fisher. Marjorie 
Lambert, of The Museum of .\ew Me.xieo at Santa Ke: Stanley Sluhhs. B. T. 
Ellis, of the Lalntratory of Anliiropolngy, Santa Ke, N. Mex.; John A. Auhu- 
chon. Canyon de Chelly National Moniniient, Ariz.; (Jeorge Mills, Mvron 
Wood, The Taylor Musenm of the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center. Colo.: 
C. Boone McClure. the Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum, (jinyon, Tex.; 
Arthur Woodward of Alladcna. Calif.: Lee \!. Ilart^sell, Jr., Kansas City, 
Mo.; Kurt Baer, the University of California at Santa fi^irliara: Marry J. 
Downie, Carmel. Calif.; M. R. Harrington, Southwest Museum. Los Angeles. 

IN MARCH 5 ISSUE: I'ART VIII: 
VICTORIAN OPULENCE 




to see in action 



Proved Techniques For Success 



that help you develop 

• New Poise and Confidence 

• Abilily to Deal With People 

• Skill in Expressing Ideas 

• Effective Speaking 



No 



An 




of the world-famous 



I 



Call 

WESTERN UNION 
OPERATOR 25 

for information 
about Free Guest 
Classes in your 
community. 



450,000 men and women 
have profited from Dole 
Carnegie training the posl 
44 years. 



January 23rd to February lOth 
in ySO cities 

across the U.S.A. and Canada* 

At a Free Guesc Class you'll discover how Dale 
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ability — but by lack of these skills, attending a 
Free Guest Class may be your first step toward 
realizing your ambitions, increasing your income 
and happiness. Wc promise you a stimulating eve- 
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and women. 




Caff Wcxftrn Union Operator 25 wiffiouf obf/gofion for information ofaouf 
Fre« Gutsf Cfo<ses fn /our community. For frtt boolc/af on How To Doof With Pooplu, 
Write: Dopl. L } , Dale Carnogie Courio, 22 West 55th St., New York 19. N. r. 
*tH CANADA fir informetloR about Fr» Gucsl Claitct write tax 412, Stotian 0, Tortnta 7, Ontario. Ciiwdl 
DALE CARNEOIE COURSE 
Harrison B. Taylor, Vice President 



61 



aerial 



Two ways to win! 




Two complete sets of prizes! 



SINGER 



WIN $25,000 GRAND PRIZE 

with the sewing you do! 



2nd GRAND PRIZE . . . $10,000 in cash 

3rd GRAND PRIZE . . . $5,000 in cash 

4th GRAND PRIZE . . . $2,000 in cash 

5th GRAND PKm...$l,00Oincash 

6th THROUGH 10th GRAND PRIZES ... $500 in cash 

PLUS... 33 Regional Ul Prize* . . . SINGER* Slant-Needle 
CabinetSewingMachinewithAutomaticZigzagger(approx 

value S360.0O) -;>/(« a 5-day trip to New Xort-for each 

regional winner in the U. S. and Canada. 

33 Regional 2nd Prizes . . . SINGER Slant-Needle' 

Portable Machine with Automatic Zigzagger (approx. 

value S240.00). 

.More than 1600 local Prizes ... beautiful 4-piece 
Pinking Shears and Scissors Set worth $30.00 for each 
SEWING CENTER winner. 



PLUS. 



No sewing experience needed! Every woman has a chance! 



Even if youNe never sewed before you 
can be a winner in this exciting singer 
$125,000 SEWING contest! 

Simply enroll in the famous singer 
Dressmaking Course at your local 
singer sewing center. You'll learn 
to sew the easy, sure, "finished" way. 

AND, you'll have two big chances to 



win: (1) with the dress you make as you 
learn or (2) with the words you write 
telling why you enjoyed making the 
dress. 

You can't lose— because you will 
have gained valuable new sewing skills. 
You can win tremendous prizes. Enroll 
in the class— and the contest— today! 



Here's all you do to enter! 



Enroll in the Home Dressmaking 
Course at your singer sewing cen- 
ter between January 2 and March 31, 
1956. (Complete course of 8 two-hour 
lessons costs only $15— you get per- 
sonal instruction in the basic steps of 
dressmaking.) 



Note: Contest is open to every woman 
18 or over in U. S. and Canada except 
professionals in dressmaking or wom- 
en's fashions; sewing teachers; persons 
(or their families) engaged in manufac- 
ture, advertising, sales, or service of 
sewing machines. 



ENTER TODAY 

GET COMPLETE RULES AND ENTRY BLANK . . . 



AT YOUR 
LOCAL 



SINGER SEWING CENTER 



Listed in your phone book under SINGER SEWING MACHINE CO. 

•A Trade-Marti of TH8 SINOES UAKUFACTUSmO COUPANT. 



OVER /yQQ P«IXES IN ALL! 



WIN A TRIP TO EUROPE FOR TWO 
with the words you write! 



(A two-week Europeon tour to London, Paris, Rome 
for two people— or $2,500 in cash.) 

2nd PRIZE . . . Two-week vacation for two in Bermuda^ 

or $IM0 in cash 

3rd PRIZE... ^500 in cash 
4th PRIZE . . . $250 in cash 

5th THROUGH lOth PRIZES . . .$m in cash— 

or a SINGER "99'' Electric Portable Machine 



Follow these EASY RULES for 
DRESSMAKING PRIZES! 



1. Enter the dress you make as you learn to 
sew, in the contest at your Sc\v'ing Center by 
April 27, 1956. Each Sewing Center winner will 
receive a prize. 

2. Winning dress from each Center will then 
be judged in Regional Contest. Prizes for first 
and second place. 

3. Firsl-prize winner in each Regional Con- 
test will be given a 5-day, all-expense trip to 
New York. 

4. In New York these 33 winners will partici- 
pate in a Grand-Prize "Sew-Off" June !0-I4, 
at which time each woman will make a dress 
for a professional model — from a selection of 
simple, basic patterns and attractive fabrics 
provided by SINGER. 

5. Final judging will select Grand Prize Win- 
ners on the basis of SO points for the dress 
made during the "Sew-Off** — 50 points for 
the original dress. 

6. Only dresses and sportswear can be entered 
— no tailored suits or coats. Any fabrics may 
be used except tulle, net. chiffon, satin, velvet, 
silk or synthetic laces. 

7. iudging will be based (I) on appearance 
and style rightness in selection of design, color 



and fabric and (2) on basic construction, cut, 
sewing and finish. Cost to make will not be a 
deciding factor. 

8. All dresses except those made at the "Sew- 
Off" will be returned to contestants. 

9. In case of tie, duplicate prizes will be 
awarded. Decision of judges is final. 

Follow these EASY RULES 
for ESSAY PRIZES! 

1. On the official entry blank, w rite an essay 
of not more than 50 words hcginning with the 
phrase "I enjoyed making a dress at my Singer 
Sewing Center because . . ." 

2. After you have completed your dress in the 
SINGER SEWING CENTER, have your entry 
blank countersigned by your singer teacher. 

3. Mail to Singer Contest, P.O. Box 83-A. 
Mount Vernon 10, New York. Entries must he 
postmarked twt later than May /, 1956. 

4. Each contestant may submit only one essay. 
Essays cannot be returned. All inirics become 
the property of SINGER SEWING MACHINE 
COMPANY. 

5. Essays will be judged by the Reuben H. 
Donnelley Corporation. Decisions final. Du- 
plicate prizes in case of ties. Winners notified 
by mail. 



Copvric! 





WAS WILL WILL? 




PORTRAIT, IT IS CLAIMED, PROVES MARLOWE WAS 



The picture al lop right was fuund in 1953 at Cam- 
bridge, England. The one at top left appears in the 
first (1623) folio of Shakespeare's plays and is iden- 
tified as the author of the plays. Because an Ameri- 
can critic thinks they show the same man — but not 
Shakespeare — the tomb of an English noble will 
soon be disturbed. 

Calvin Hoffman, who is raising the fuss, thinks 
both portraits show Christopher Marlowe, Elizabe- 
than poet. On the recently found picture were two 



numbers, 1.585 and 21. In 158.5 .Marlowe was 21 and 
at Cambridge. Therefore, says Huffman, this is Mar- 
lowe. Details of the two faces in enlargements above 
are to him identical. So. he says, both are Marlowe. 

Shakespeare scholars place no more credence in 
this theory than in the far-fetched theories that 
Bacon or Raleigh wrote Shakespeare s plays. Shake- 
speare was also 21 in 1585 and the folio portrait was 
ordered by some of Shakespeare's acting troupe. But 
Hoffman thinks he has other evidence {itf.xt ptige). 



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WAS WILL WILL? 




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P.ARALLEUS^IS IN POETS' WORKS 

SMAKKSPEAKE Merchant of V mice 

My (laughter! 0 my ducats! My daughter! 

MARLOWE Jew of Malta 

0 my girl, my fortune, my felicity. 

SIIAKE.SPEAKE Richard II 

My legs can keep no measure with delight. 

MARLOWE Dido. Queen of Carthage 

To move unto the measures of delight. 

SHAKESPEARE Henry VIII 

1 arrest thee of high treason. 

MARLOWE Eduard II 

1 arrest you of high treason. 



HOFFMAN'S "EVIDENCE" is lines by tiie two poets similar in 
tliought or phrasing. Actually tlipy arc easily explained by Shake* 
speare's output, bis knowledge of Marlowe, a common environment. 



CLUES IN POEMS, A TOMB 

rl^-C ^—J—^ Huffman, a former drama critic for Long Island 
VIMP Mi'wspaprrs, ha.'s gone to great lengths trying to 
'■^Ifjft |irovp Shakespeare was really .Marlowe. Com- 
paring passages written by both men (above), 
lie has found many parallel lines he considers 
striking— and scholars consider sheer coinci- 
dence or silly pettifogging. 
But the great new hope for Hoffman lies in 
jMI the tomb of Sir Thomas Walsingham, Mar- 
CALVIN HOFFMAN lowe's friend. Though scholars believe IVlar- 
lowe died in a tavern brawl at the age of 29, 
Hoffman says Walsingham had a substitute killed instead. Why? Be- 
cause Marlowe's opinions were considered atheistic and he was in 
danger of execution. To save him Walsingham hid Marlowe, who spent 
the rest of liis life writing Shakespeare's plays. In the tomb where 
Walsingham was buried 325 years ago Hoffman hopes to find manu- 
scripts in Marlowe's hand. If he doesn't it will not change his mind. 




ANCIENT TO.MB of Walsingham will be opened under the watchful eye of 
an architect to prevent damape. Two fsont panels will probably be removed. 
Hoffman can .search the tomb but probably cannot open the cofBn inside. 




3. Mom*s sure busy, so why shouldn't we do it? 4. Boy, that was fast! Looks swell, doesn*t it? 




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Publisher's Preview 





Former President Harry S. Truman is not a man who invites 
apathy or indifTcicnec. This fact was made doubly clear to I ifk's 
editors last fall when they serialized Volume I of the Truman 
Mciiuiirs. Your response to those five instalments was resound- 
ing — and about as dispassionate as the bleacher comments at a 
Giant-Dodger double-header. Some subscribers scolded Life for 
printing what they considered a partisan view of history. Others 
praised the editors for presenting "a document, rich in material 
for historians and for all who lived through the crises and trials 
Mr. Truman describes." 

Press reaction to the former President's personal story in Liff, 
was instant and widespread. In more than ."^.000 news stories the 
wire services, radio, television and political reporters across the 
nation seized upon each Truman instalment in Liit as an oppor- 
tunity to applaud, contest or condemn the man who had borne 
the burden of the presidency for nearly eight of the most crucial 
scars of our country's history. 

Amid the bouquets and brickbats there was unanimity on tine 
score: the undisputed importance of the Menufh-s. For as .Mr. 
Truman puts it himself, "No one who has not had the responsi- 
bility can really understand what it is like to be President, not 
even his closest aides or members of his immediate family." 
Reading Mr. Truman's Memoirs in Life you come as close to 



y S. Truman 



understanding the presidency as you ever will . . . barring, of | 
course, your own election to that office. 

Next sveek Life resumes publication of these important and 
revealing writings. In Hve weekly instalments Life will present 
Volume II of the Memoirs. Here Mr. Trtmian will recount the | 
torrential events of his administration from 1945 to 1952. the 
tempo of which moved Mr. Truman to remark, **l discovered 
that being a President is like riding a tiger, A man has to keep | 
on riding or be swallowed," 

In next week's chapter the former President will describe Gen- 
eral George C, Marshall's celebrated mission to China out of I 
which grew the Trutnan administration's controversial China 
policy. Mr. Truman's own story of Marshall's fateful attempt to | 
promote order in chaotic China sheds new light on the forma- | 
tive stage of a policy which is still hotly debated today. 

In succeeding instalments .Mr. Truman tells his story of the I 
194S campaign, the Korean war, the recall of (ieneral MacArthur, 
the 1952 campaign and his relations with President Lisenhower. 

.As w ith Life's previous publication of the Memoirs, this second 
volume will be specially illustrated with brilliant color photo- 
graphs to add understanding and dimension to the events and 
circumstances of history Mr, Truman will discuss. 

.Andrew Heiskell, Publisher 



THE FAR PLACES AND MANY FACES 





SYNGMAN RHEE 
KOREA 



NORODOM SIHANOUK 
CAMBODIA 



JAWAHARLAL NEHRU 
INDIA 



MOHAMMED ALI 
PAKISTAN 



ADNAN MENDERES 



PAUL-HENRI SPAAK 



MENDES-FRANCE 
FRANCE 




SHIGERU Y05HIDA 
JAPAN 



IN HIS THREE YEARS AS SECRETARY OF STATE. DULLES HAS TRAVELED A QUARTER OF A MILLION MILES. EACH LINE ON MAP REPRESENTS 




PHUMIPHON 
THAILAND 



P. 




n 












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SAVANQ 


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LAOS 





' 1 



RAMON MAGSAVSAY 
PHILIPPINES 



5AUD 
SAUDI ARABIA 



TAWFIK AL-SUWAIDI 
IRAQ 



HOW DULLES AVERTED 



AT 2 a.m. on June 18. 1953, Secretary of 
State John Foster Dulles was awakened 
bv the ringinj; of liie telephone in the bed- 
room of his home in Washington. It was the 
officer of the ilop watch at the State De- 
partment with an urgent radio message from 
Korea. President i^vngman Rhee had ordered 
his troops guarding the prisoners of war com- 
pounds to release all captured North Kore- 
ans and Red Chinese. The handful of Amer- 
ican officers and noncoms at the camps were 
powerle-ss to prevent the action and the pris- 
oners were streaming away from the com- 
pounds bv the thousands. 

Dulles listened quietly, grunting an oc- 
casional "Yow" to acknowledge. Then he 
reached over to switch on the light. And 
at that moment, as his fully aroused mind 
shook off the fog of sleep, Dulles saw him- 
self and the nation standing on the brink of 
a new war. It was the first of three times dur- 
ing the Eisenhower administration when the 
U.S. was brought perilously close to war — 
and when the new policy of deterrence insti- 
tuted by Dulles preserved peace. 



Why Rhee's highhanded action threatened 
war will be explained below. This, plus the 
full story of our other close brushes with 
war in the past three years, is revealed here 
for the first time with new information pro- 
vided by the Secretary and by the State De- 
partment. In the conduct of his office, Dulles 
not only radically revised the "containmonl" 
policy of the Truman administratiim but also 
altered drastically the basic concept of the 
job of Secretary of State. 

Dulles' direction of U.S. foreign affairs is 
under attack these days as the presidential 
election year gets under way. The new infor- 
mation made available to this writer, how- 
ever, bulwarks the substantial case to be 
made for Dulles, a case that until now has 
not been made as strongly as it could be- 
cause important sections of the record could 
not be made public. 

Here is that record. 

Tlie Eisenhower administration's foreign 
policy began to take shape aboard the cruiser 
Helena as the President-elect returned to 
the U.S. after having made his promised 



visit to Korea. W ith those cabinet officers 
whom he had already selected, Eisenhower 
held daily conferences to consider what 
should be done nlimit the stalemated war. 
Dulles led most of these discussions. In 
the singular lifehmg preparation for the job 
he was about tn undertake, he had prob- 
ably devoted more thought to the subject 
of war and peace than any other man alive. 
He believed that lie had isolated one of the 
major underlvini; causes of war: in a word, 
miscalculation. 

All the great wars of modern history, 
Dulles is conviiirril. were started by na- 
tional leaders who thought thev could get 
away with it. When they found out that they 
could not, it was too late. The Korean war, 
Dulles argued, had been caused by Moscow's 
mistaken belief that the U.S. would be un- 
willing to fight til stop armed aggression 
against South Korea. As much as Dulles 
admired his iircdecessor Dean Acheson's 
courageous reaciiini to the aggression, he 
felt that Acheson had made a tragic mistake 
in suggesting, just six months before the 



CoDvrioii 



DULLES HAS SEEN 



IN THREE YEARS 




MARIO SCEIBA 
ITALY 



KONRAD ADENAUER 
GERMANY 



ANTHONY EDEN LESTER B. PEARSON 

GREAT BRITAIN CANADA 



JOSEPH BECH 
LUXEMBOURG 



^ ^^^^ ^ 

JULIANA JULIUS RAAB 

THE NETHERLANDS AUSTRIA 





ATRIP. ON HIS TRIPS HE HAS PERSONALLY CALLED ON THE 32 FOREIGN MINISTERS AND CHIEFS OF STATE SHOWN IN THESE PICTURES TITO 

YUGOSLAVIA 






MOHAMMED NAGUIB 
EGYPT 



MOSHE SHARETT 
ISRAEL 



AOIB SHISHEKLY 
SYRIA 



ALEXANDER PAPAGOS 
GREECE 



MAHMUD MUNTASSER 
LIBYA 



SAEB SALAM 
LEBANON 



WAR 



Three times, new disclosures show, 
he brought U.S. back from the brink 



by JAMES SHEPLEY 

Chief, TlM&Lll-'t: Washington Bureau 



Communists attackeil, that South Korea was 
outside the U.S.'s "vital perimeter" area. 

As Uullcs presented these conclusions in 
the meetinijs aboard the Helena, Eisenhower 
listened thoughtfully. (At times he listened 
a little impatiently too. More accustomed to 
the quick, crisp manner of a military hrief- 
ing officer than to the thoughtful pauses of 
Dulles, Eisenhower was once heard to ex- 
claim, "Why doesn't he speak up faster and 
sav what he has on his mind:'" When Dul- 
les had finished, the newly elected President 
made his first vital decision. He would make 
every effort lo bring an honorable truce out 
of the negotiations then in progress. But if 
the Communists tried to continue keeping 
the U.N. command and the U.S. bogged 
down in stalemate, the I .S. would this time 
fight to win. 

This would mean carrying the air attack 
into Manchuria, where the Chinese army and 
air force bases had been protected by the Tru- 
man administration's decision not to cross 
the Yalu River, even by air. Furthermore, 
in order to save lives in the U.N. command. 



Eisenhower decided on the tactical use of 
atomic arms should hostilities be renewed. 

Our allies in the U.N. command would 
he informed of these decisions when and if 
the lime came to implement them, hut mi-aii- 
wliile it was urgent to make sure that the 
Reds would not again act out of miscalcula- 
tion, ("haracteristicallv, Dulles undertook 
personally to see that this was done. .Setting 
out to make his first goodwill visits as the 
new U.S. Secretary of State, he called u|)on 
India's neutralist prime minister, Jawaharlal 
Nehru. Dulles had confidence in Nehru's 
genuine interest in peace and, more impor- 
tant, in his ability to communicate speedily 
with Peking. 

Dulles told Nehru that the U.S. desired 
to end the fighting in Korea honorably. He 
also said that if the war continued, the U.,S. 
would lift the self-imposed restrictions on 
its actions and hold back no effort or weapon 
to win. 

Within two weeks after his trip to New 
Delhi, Dulles received word f rom Korea that 
the Reds appeared to have begun to negotiate 



seriously. The negotiations were not pro- 
ceeding smoothly, hut Ihev were proceeding. 
The major disagreement concerned the pris- 
oners of war. 

More than 22,000 North Korean and Chi- 
nese prisoners of the U.N. command had 
said they would refuse to go hack home. 
The Reds insisted they must he returned. 
It was an unprecedented wartime situation 
but one in which it was never in doubt where 
justice stood. Dulles had made it clear that 
the U.S. was standing firm on a principle of 
justice and that no prisoner would be re- 
turned against his will. 

So it was necessary lor the Communists 
to retreat on this i.ssue if a resumption of 
war was to he avoided and it was necessary to 
allow the Communists to retreat without 
losing face, if possible. It was while the ne- 
gotiators were searching for a back wav out 
of this dangerous impasse that Svngman 
Rhee slammed the door in their faces bv re- 
leasing the prisoners. Ear from wanting to 
end the war, Rhee wanted to renew it. His 
goal was to reunify all Korea. The release 



Cci 



THESE ALMOST BECAME NEW WAR FRONTS FOR U.S. 




IN KOREA Dulles cimlcrs willi Uvvcn A. (^Iiamlicrs 
after truce, which followed his warning to Peking. 





AT DIENBIENPHU air lirnp is in vain. lint Dulles' 
threat of allied intervention saved part of Iniloehina. 



ON QUEMOY .l. i,-ii,lri- await Kfd alia. k. Bui the 
U.S. promised rrialiaiinn and attack did not come. 



DULLES CONTINUED 

of the prisoners, he hoped, would lorce the 
Communists to break off negotiations and 
the war would be resumed. 

This was the situation in which Dulles 
found himself when the State Department 
watch officer telephoned the news. 

Dulles picked up the direct phone to the 
White House and asked the switchboard 
operator to awaken the President. He told 
Eisenhower of Rhee's action and briefly stat- 
ed the implications. Dulles found the Presi- 
dent calm and ready. The Helena decision 
was reaffirmed. The Manchurian targets had 
already been carefully selected so as to limit 
them to areas of clear military importance. 

But the North Koreans and the Red Chi- 
nese did not walk out of the conference. 
They continued to negotiate, thus accepting 
a propaganda defeat by acknowledging that 
almost half of their captured soldiers did 
not want to return. They did so, Dulles be- 
lieves, because they had had unmistakable 
warning that further delays would no longer 
be met with U..S. indecisiveness. 

Thirty-nine days later the truce was 
signed. 

The second time that the U.S. was brought 
to the brink of war came in April of 1954. 
The French situation in Indochina had be- 
come desperate. The French pleaded lor 
American intervention in the form of a car- 
rier strike against the V'ietminh forces be- 
sieging the fort of Dienbienphu. After care- 
ful reflection and several National Security 
Counc il meetings on the subject, Dulles con- 
cluded that a carrier strike against Dien- 
bienphu's attackers was a poor way for the 
U.S. to get involved. Yet it was urgent that 
the situation be salvaged. Otherwise, in a 
kind of "domino effect," all southeast Asia 
might get knocked over. 

On April 4, Dulles went to the White 
House with Admiral Arthur Radford, chair- 
man of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to present 
Eisenhower with a proposal for action. If 
Britain would join the U.S., and France 
would agree to stand firm, Dulles pointed 
out, the three Western states could combine 



72 



with friendly .Asian nations to oppose the 
Communist forces on the ground in Indo- 
china just as the U.N. stepped in against 
the North Korean aggression in 19.50. There 
was, of course, the clear risk that Peking 
would send its armies openly into Iniloehina 
as it had done in Korea, staging them out 
of bases in south China. 

Dulles recommended that the dangers be 
faced, and that if the Chinese Communists 
intervened openly, their staging bases in 
south China be destroyed by U.S. airpower. 
President Eisenhower concurred. He cabled 
Prime Minister Churchill and Foreign Sec- 
retary Eden, asking them to discuss united 
action in Indochina. 

The British reply came and Dulles took 
off for London on April 10. M the same time 
two U.S. aircraft carriers, the Boxer and the 
Philippine Sea, steamed toward the South 
China Sea from the Philippines. On board 
were their tactical air groups armed with 
atomic weapons. It was a modern version of 
the classic show of force, designed both to 
deter any Red Chinese attack on Vietnam 
and to provide weapons for instant retalia- 
tion if it should prove necessary. 

From London, Dulles went on to Paris, 
and by the time he returned to Washington, 
five davs later, the preliminaries had been 
completed for a formal meeting of Britain, 
Prance and those Asian states which would 
jointly take up the battle in Indochina. The 
meeting was scheduled for the Tuesday after 
liaster. Dulles thought he had a specific 
agreement to this effect from Churchill and 
Eilen, as well as a reluctant agreement from 
Bidault, who still clung to the hope that the 
U.S. would intervene in Indochina alone, 
which he preferred to the cumbersomeness 
of combined international forces. 

But all plans were suddenly arrested on 
the afternoon of Easter Sunday, when it be- 
came apparent that the British had had a 
change of heart (Life, May .31, 19.54). The 
British ambassador. Sir Roger Makins, called 
the State Department to report that he had 
new instructions from London directing him 
not to attend the Tuesday meeting. 

It was the first major frustration Dulles 



had encounteri il as Secretary and for several 
days he was at u loss to invent a substitute 
for his plan. The situation became more and 
more dangerous. (Friends who were close to 
Dulles at the time observed that the nervous 
blinking, which is the only outward evidence 
of the severe strain under which he operates, 
was noticeably intense.) 

Meanwhile ilie Western powers faced a 
conference with Russia and Red China on 
Asian problems to be held at Geneva. Dulles 
regarded this ruiiference with extreme mis- 
givings. Mendcs-France evidently wanted to 
dump the load of the Indochina war at any 
cost. The llin at of a Communist takeover 
throughout southeast Asia was grave. 

But again the ])nlicy of boldness impressed 
the Communists. Dulles had seen to it that 
the Chinese and the Soviets knew that the 
U.S. was prepared to act decisively to pre- 
vent the fall of all of southeast Asia. It was 
also clear to the Communists that the French 
and British, if llirv were pushed too far, 
would accept Dulles' suggestion for united 
action. Thus, instead of negotiating from 
the extreme and undisguised weakness of 
the French position, Mendes-France and 
Eden found thrinsi lves able to bargain from 
Dulles' stri ii^'lh. It can be argued the Ge- 
neva conference on Indochina represented 
no victory for the West, but Dulles is con- 
vinced that the solution finally agreed to was 
acceptable because it eliminated the possi- 
bility of a "doiiiiiiii effect" in .southeast Asia. 
Half of Vietnam was lost to the Communists 
but southern Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia 
were saved. 

The third lime Dulles faced war came in 
those weeks in late 1954 and early 1955, 
when menacing ( .ommunist maneuvers were 
made against Qiiemoy and the Matsus — the 
time now identifii il as the Formosan crisis. 
Here war was ax oided mainly by a resolu- 
tion drafted by Dulles and passed by an 
overwhelming bipartisan vote in Congress 
which authorized the President to use U.S. 
military forces sliould the Chinese Com- 
munists attack Formosa. Thus the Chinese 
were publicly put on notice that Eisen- 
hower was ready and authorized to retaliate 

, CONTINUED 



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Se PROOF 



DULLES CONTINUED 



at once. (Dulles has never doubted, inciden- 
lallv, that Eisenhower would have regarded 
an attack on Quemoy and the Matsus as an 
attack nn Formoiia.) 

Later, during a visit Dulles made to Bur- 
ma, that countrv's neutralist Prime Minister 
U Nu worriedly told him that the Chinese 
Communists meant business. Dulles replied 
that the U.S. meant business too. His answer 
almost ccrlainlv was passed on to Peking, 
thus warning ttic Chinese a second time. 

Dulles is the first to admit that wars which 
do not happen must remain speculative wars 
until, at least, someone privy to the deci- 
sions of the olbi-r side writes his memoirs. 
"Nobodv."' he concedes, "is able to |)rove 
mathematicallv that it was the policy of de- 
terrence wbich brought the Korean war to an 
end and which kept the Chinese from send- 
ing their Red armies into Indochina, or that 
it has finallv stopped them in Formosa. I 
think it is a prettv fair inference that it has." 

Whether or not these inci- 
dents constitute proof of the pre- 
vention of war. they do provide 
dramatic illustrations of the 
new approach to foreign policy 
instituted bv Dulles three years 
ago this month. 

When .lohn Foster Dulles 
walked into the office of the Sec- 
retary of .Stale freshlv vacated 
by Dean Acheson in IW,'? he 
made no change in the physical 
arrangements except to hang the 
pictures of two former .Secretar- 
ies of direct interest to him. 
These were Grandfather John 
W. Dulles, who served under 
President Harrison, and Uncle 
Robert Lansing, who held office 
under Wilson. What Dulles did 
change was the basic concept of 
the office. 

President Truman's Secretar- 
ies of .Stale worked cssenliallv 
in the pattern of the adminis- 
trative executive. Thev counted 
time awav from Washington as 
serious neglect of the Depart- 
ment. Dulles took the opposite view. He 
regarded too much time spent in Washing- 
ton as neglect of the U.S. task of free world 
leadership. 

Reverting to an oMer tradition, he uniler- 
took personal direction of the country's 
foreign affairs, assigning himself the role of 
No. 1 diplomat of the L1..S. The day-to-day 
routine of departmental administration he 
has delegated to his undersecretaries, hav- 
ing been careful to select the best men he 
could get for the job: first. Eisenhower's for- 
mer Chief of Staff. General Walter Bedell 
.Smith, who was succeeded by the present 
undersecrctarv, Herbert Hoover Jr. 

All of the major questions since Dulles 
took office have either been handled person- 
ally bv him or decided on the l)asis of knowl- 
edge he had acquired on his worldwide trips. 
In three years these trips have taken bim a 
total of 226.64.5 miles to ,34 countries (map, 
pp. 70. 71) : to some of them, like France and 
England, he has traveled time and time again. 
He has spent so much time in the air that he 
was not surprised to hear about the observa- 
tion of the 3-year-oId son of one of his travel- 
ing security officers. Pointing a slubby finger 
at the picture of a Constellation in a maga- 
zine advertisement, the child told his father, 
whom he had seen in and out of Washington 



National .Airport on the Secretary's trips, 
"This is where Mr. Dulles lives." 

The business of the Secretary of Stale 
cannot, of course, be confined to traveling 
abroad on personal diplomatic missions. But 
Dulles has found that his extensive travel- 
ing has helped rather than hindered him in 
the performance of bis other duties. He has 
founil that lie can work more efficiently and 
can concentrate for longer periods in the un- 
disliirbed atmosphere of a long plane flight 
than he can in Washington. 

His trips are customarily arranged to begin 
at the end of a day's business in the State 
Department so that the night can be utilized 
lor traveling. Once in the air, Dulles relaxes 
completely. Frequently he changes into a 
pair of slacks and sport shirt and indulges in 
his hobby of poring over the aerial charts on 
which the course has been marked bv his 
pilot. (Dulles is an excellent sailor and navi- 
gator.) He then calls on his traveling staff to 




AIRBORNE CONFERENCE is held as Dulles files lo SEA TO meeliiif:. .^^laH ni.Mii 
hers are (clockwise) D(iuf;ias Ma4!,\rthnr II. Far Fiistern F.xporl Kennelli T. ^ niing, 
Aml>assador to Cainlxxtia Rot>ert McClintock, Dulles' secretary, Phyllis Bcrnau, 



give him a full briefing on the problems likely 
to be encountered at the destination. If he 
is going to a NATO meeting he takes along 
the Assistant Secretary for European Affairs, 
Livingston Merchant. If he is going lo Japan 
or Indochina, he is accompanied bv Assistant 
.Secretary for Far FAtstern Affairs Waller Rob- 
ertson. Slate Department Counselor Doug- 
las MacArthur II. Legal Adviser Herman 
Phleger. Assistant Secretary for Public Af- 
fairs Carl McCardle and his private secretary, 
Phyllis Bernau, make up the permanent trav- 
eling slalf. 

When the briefing is out of the way Dulles 
will linger over one. sometimes two. high- 
balls of Pennsylvania rye. After a substan- 
tial iii-llight meal. Dulles kibitzes briefly at 
ibe bridge game which is usually underway 
bv this lime, then retires to his berth with 
his ever-present legal-size yellow writing pad 
in hand. Before he goes to sleep he puts 
down the thoughts generated bv the briefing. 
At the morning conference, just before land- 
ing, his staff will often be surprised to hear 
him outline an entirely new approach to a 
problem on which they had briefed him the 
night before. 

The cause for most of Dulles' flights dur- 
ing the first few months of his secretaryship 
was the desperately urgent need to plug the 



many holes in the free world's line of defense 
against Communism. 

When Dulles took office Iran was in the 
hands of a sobbing madman named Mossa- 
degh who .seemed determined to destroy his 
own nation and the delicate balance of world 
pow er rather than yield an inch to the British 
on the question of oil ownership. Italy and 
Yugoslavia threatened war over title to the 
Adriatic port of Trieste. Britain was evacuat- 
ing its women and children from the Suez 
t^nal Zone in preparation for war in Egypt. 
I'he Korean war was in a hopeless stalemate 
and the French were being driven inexorably 
out of Indochina. France w as dragging its feet 
on its own pro])osal lo integrate the military 
lorces of Western Europe. Germany, un- 
armed and restless, had no treaty alliances 
with the West. The .\uslrians had almost 
given up hope of a treaty of liberation from 
World War II occupation. The so-called line 
of containment wbich the Truman adminis- 
tration had started to build in 
Greece and Turkey was no line 
in theory or in fact from Turkey 
all the way lo the Philippines. 
And the Communists even had a 
foothold in the Western Hemi- 
sphere, in Guatemala. 

So effectively has Dulles now 
[>higged the holes that freedom's 
defense line has now been linked 
up from Italy to Japan. Except 
lor ligypt, India. Afghanistan, 
Burma, Switzerland, Sweden and 
Finland, which prefer varying 
forms of neutrality in the strug- 
gle between freedom and Soviet 
tyranny, all of the major seg- 
ments of the non-Communist 
world are linked in mutually 
supporting alliances. The prob- 
lems of Iran, the Suez, Trieste 
and Austria are behind us. Gua- 
temala has a non-Communist 
government. And. most impor- 
tant. West Germany is rearming 
as a member of NATO. 

It was to achieve the indis- 
pensable goal of rearming Ger- 
many that Dulles made one of his most 
criticized statements: his blunt warning that 
the U.S. would be forced to make an "ago- 
nizing reappraisal" of its foreign policy if 
France continued to block the establishment 
of the European Defense Community (EDO) 
which was to include Germany. Although the 
French rejected EDC. they shortly there- 
after, with Dulles' warning in mind, signed 
the Lon<lon-Paris Accords which opened the 
way for (Germany to join NATO. 

The two cardinal principles which Dulles 
substituted for the containment doctrine of 
bis predecessor are the 'long haul concept" 
and "ileterrence." Dulles explained the long 
haul concept on his first appearance before 
the NATO foreign ministers on April 2.3, 
19.5.3. He said, ". . . The Soviet menace . . . 
is |one| which . . . may persist for a long 
time, through periods of retreat as well as of 
advance. . . . We must he prepared lo be 
strong . . . lor an entire historical era." 

The policy of deterrence is based on Dul- 
les' belief that wars are caused bv miscalcu- 
lation. His first public declaration on deter- 
rence came in his speech to the Council on 
Foreign Relations on .Ian. 12. 1954: "Local 
defense." he said, "must be reinforced by 
the further deterrent of massive retaliatory 
power. A potential aggressor must know that 



CONTINUED 77 



DULLES CONTINUED 



he cannot always prescribe battle conditions 
that suit him. . . . The way to deter aggres- 
sion is for the free community to be willing 
and able to respond vigorously at places and 
with means of its own choosing." 

Dulles' ever-alert critics jumped on the 
phrase "massive retaliation" as 1) too tough, 
and 2) inelfectual. It implied, they argued, 
that every time a squad of infantry crossed 
a frontier somewhere, Dulles would drop 
atomic bombs on Moscow. It was argued 
that we would never do it, and because the 
Communists knew we would not, it was 
nothing more than a dangerous bluff. 

Actually Dulles did not mean what some 
critics have put in his mouth. In an article 
written for the April 1954 issue of Fnrcifin 
Affairs he explained that by "massive retalia- 
tion" he was thinking not of an attack on 
Moscow but of such retaliation as would 
make a Communist military adventure of 
any size unprofitable. He said in eflect that 
it was his intention to make the 
punishment fit the crime. 

The best example of what he 
meant is the retaliation planne<I. 
if necessary, against the Chinese 
Communists, either in connec- 
tion with Korea or Indochina. 
"They were specific targets rea- 
sonably related to the area," he 
recalls. "They did not involve 
massive destruction of great pop- 
ulation centers like Shanghai, 
Peking or Canton. Retaliation 
must be on a selective basis. The 
important thing is that the ag- 
gressor know in advance that he 
is going to lose more than he 
can win. He doesn't have to lose 
much more. It just has to be 
sumething more. If the equation 
is such that the outcome is clear- 
ly going to be against him, he 
won't go in." 

In those situations, all of them 
peripheral, where the Commu- 
nists have tried force — Korea, 
Indochina, Formosa — the policy of deter- 
rence has worked. Deterrence, as practiced 
by Dulles, has not only prevented the "big" 
hydrogen war but the littler wars as well. 

Always, of course, there has been and con- 
tinues to be risk. Says Dulles, "You have 
to take chances for peace, just as you must 
take chances in war. Some say that we were 
brought to the verge of war. Of course we 
were brought to the verge of war. The abihly 
to get to the verge without getting into the 
war is the necessary art. If you cannot mas- 
ter it, you inevitably get into war. If you try 
to run awav from it, if you are scared to go 
to the brink, you are lost. We've had to look 
it square in llie face — on the question of 
enlarging the Korean war, on the question of 
getting into the Indochina war. on the ques- 
tion of Formosa. We walked to the brink 
and we looked it in the face. We took strong 
action. 

"It took a lot more courage for the Presi- 
dent than for me," Dulles adds. "His was 
the ultimate decision. I did not have lo make 
the decision myself, only to recommend it. 
The President never flinched for a minute on 
any of these situations. He came up taut." 

Dulles was not even momentarily de- 
ceived by the phony "New Look" unveiled 
by the Soviets at the summit conference in 
Geneva last summer. Before the conference he 
wrote a memorandum on July 6, pointing 



out that the Kremlin could hope for diplo- 
matic gains at Geneva, including "an appear- 
ance that the West concedes the Soviet a 
moral and social equality. The Soviet will 
probably make considerable gains in this re- 
spect." But the President and Dulles agreed 
that the importance of proving that the U.S. 
would negotiate sincerely outweighed the 
inherent risks. 

Shortly after he returned from Geneva, 
Dulles wTote a memorandum proposing a 
postconference course for U.S. policy. "We 
must assume," Dulles wrote, "that the So- 
viet leaders consider their recent change of 
policy to be an application of the classic 
Communist maneuver known as 'zigzag,' 
i.e., resort to 'tactics of retreat to buy off a 
powerful enemy and gain a respite' (Stalin). 
We must not be caught by such a maneuver. 

"On the other hand, it is possible that 
what the Soviet rulers design as a maneuver 
may in fact assume the force of an irreversible 




VISITING YUGOSLAVIA ilurinp respite from Geiifvu 
rotary of State and Mrs. Dulles talk with Tito's wife (lefl) while 
stands by. Dulles went to see Tito to get his views on conditions in 



trend. Our own conduct should be to en- 
courage that to happen, without at the same 
time setting up, on our side, an irreversible 
trend toward accommodation which would 
expose us to grave danger if the Soviets 
pursue covertly, or later resume overtly, 
their aggressive design." 

The correctness of this estimate — as well 
as the foresight in accepting the Soviets' 
glad-handing warily — was of course finally 
confirmed two weeks ago when Khrushchev, 
at a meeting of the Supreme Soviet, buried 
the last remains of the "Geneva Spirit" in a 
violent attack on the West, the U.S. and 
Eisenhower personally. 

Plenty of serious foreign policy problems 
stUl lie ahead. The U.S., as Dulles readily 
admits, has yet to find a solution to the 
fundamental and complex problem of re- 
orienting the economic patterns of the free 
world, which have been so seriously dis- 
rupted by the Iron Curtain. 

There is a second basic foreign economic 
problem in the expanded plans to dispose 
of U.S. agricultural surpluses abroad. Pri- 
vately the entire State Department chafes 
at the efforts of another branch of the gov- 
ernment, Ezra Benson's Agriculture Depart- 
ment, to alleviate its surplus problems by 
dumping abroad. By its cheap sales of rice 
to Japan and other traditional markets of 
the rice-producing countries of southeast 



Asia, for example, the U.S. has driven rice- 
producing neutrals like Burma and friends 
like Thailand closer to the Communist orbit. 

There is little question that the Eisen- 
hower administration would strengthen the 
free world position if it could come up with 
some further imaginative approach to the 
general objective of raising the living stand- 
ards of mankind. It has not yet produced as 
good a contribution as the Point Four pro- 
gram of the Truman administration which it 
has continued. The one Eisenhower pro- 
posal which could have been, and could still 
be, as worthwhile as Point Four — the atomic 
energy proposals — has been allowed to lag. 

A promising new approach to foreign aid 
was referred lo in the President's Slate of 
the Union speech last week. This would set 
up a .?1 billion program to help underwrite 
great engineering projects like E^pt's Aswan 
Dam over the next 10 years. Spending will 
be limited to $100 million a year, the plan 
being to use this money to un- 
derwrite the loan of much larger 
sums from the World Bank. 

There are political problems 
of the cold war which transcend 
the economic problems. At the 
bead of the list Dulles would 
place Germany. But on this sub- 
ject he does not share the gloom 
of those who argue that all Ger- 
mans long so desperately for res- 
toration of their national in- 
tegrity that they will ultimately 
trade away their freedom and 
their alliance with the West in 
order lo achieve a made-in-Mos- 
cow brand of reunification. To 
this Dulles answers that no na- 
lion on earth has yet gone will- 
ingly behind the Iron Curtain. 
He does not fear the free exer- 
cise of choice between East and 
West for any people on earth 
— and especially in Germany 
where, as nowhere on earth, the 
relative merits of the free and 
Soviet socialist systems are in clear focus. 

From the outset Dulles has steadfastly 
insisted that the principle of justice is the 
heart of U.S. policy. Not only must Soviet 
Communism be prevented from enslaving 
the remaining two thirds of mankind; it 
eventually must relinquish its hold on the 
satellite states it holds in tyranny. 

Perhaps no position of Dulles' has been 
more misrepresented than this one. It has 
been charged that his "liberation" program 
required militarv actions he knew to be im- 
possible. Bui Dulles explained bis intent 
clearly in an article written for Life in 
May 19.52: "We do not want a series of 
bloody uprisings and reprisals. There can 
be peaceful separation from Moscow as Tito 
showed, and enslavement can be made so 
unprofitable that the master will let go his 
grip. . . ." The important thing, he argued, 
was that the U.S., the defender of freedom 
on earth, "makes it publicly known that it 
wants and expects liberation to occur." 

Furthermore Dulles believes that the evo- 
lutionary process he hopes for has already 
begun. During a weekend off from the for- 
eign ministers meeting last fall in Geneva, 
he paid a visit to Yugoslavia's Marshal Tito. 
He made the trip primarily to hear this one- 
time satellite's analysis of conditions in 
Eastern Europe. The interesting facts Tito 
confided to him at this meeting cannot at 



St fall. See- 
Marshal Tito 
the satellites. 



78 



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pier Angeli and Vic Damone 



— who ore one of Hollywood's 
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VIC DAMONE co-iton In MGM's 
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And watch for the surprise appearance of 
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DULLES CONTIMUEO I 

present be divulged. But Dulles came away convinced that the 
yeast of freedom is working vigorously in the satellite countries. 

"I don't mean to suggest." he sav>. "that there will he an early 
breakaway of the satellites from Mn-cuw. But I think there will soon 
be visible signs of an evolution towani governments which com- 
mand more popular support than those which now exist, and 
which are markedlv less the [laid liiri'liiii;s of Moscow." 

How deeply the Kremlin fears ilcfectinn of its East European 
satellites was made clear hv the So\ iet leaders in private confer- 
ences at the Geneva summit confrri-iice. Coexistence, they hinted, 
could he worked out if the U.S. would acquiesce to continued 
Soviet domination of its satellites. Tlic President's reply came in a 
speech on Aug. 24. Eagerness to :ivoid war, the President said, 
could lead to acceptance by one nation of injustices perpetrated 
by another. The U..S. would never iln this, he said. He added, "If 
we accept ilcstruction i>f the principles of justice for all, we cannot 
longer claim justice for ourselves. . . ." 

The Kremlin's reaction was imlicated by Khrushchev's blus- 
tering c(>m|)laint in his Supreme Soviet speech two weeks ago 
against what he called the "crude interference" of Eisenhower in 
sending Christmas greetings to the satellite peoples. 

In Asia. Dulles has to worry aliout the continuing warlike 
preparations of the Communists opposite the Formosa Strait and 
the renewed shelling of Quemoy. I Ic is deeply concerned but he 
has long since learned not to panic easily. "When I think of the 
problems behind us," he explains, "1 am not too worried about 
those ahead of us. New problems arc one mark of progress. If you 
are not progressing you have the satnc problems." 

Dulles has scheduled a call at Manila for a SEATO conference, 
after which he will go on to Formosa. He plans other calls on the 
leaders of free Asia. And on the wav home, westward around the 
world, he will meet with other premier- and foreign ministers, thus 
continuing the personal diplomacy »hich he has made so effective 
in the past three years and which lias brought the U.S. a long way 
from the negative theory of contaiimioiit. 

Today the world, free and slave, knows not only where the U.S. 
stands on the question of Communism but what the U.S. intends 
to do about il. And they know becausr the U.S. Secretary of State 
himself has told them, in the grfalest display of personal di- 
plomacy since the great days of the Franklin-Adams-Jefferson tri- 
umvirate in the Europe of the 1780s. 

Dulles himself best described his kind of diplomacy when he 
said to me, "What we need to do is recapture the kind of crusad- 
ing spirit of the early days of the l!i |iublic when we were certain 
that we had something heller than anyone else and we knew the 
rest of the world needed it and wanloil it and that we were going to 
carry it around the world. The missionaries, the doctors, the edu- 
cators and the merchants carried the knowledge of the great 
American experiment to all four corners of the globe." 




AT HIS CHURCH, Brick Presbyterian in Nfw York, of which he is an elder, 
Dulles is greeted by the Rev. Ur. Paul A. Wolfe after New Year's senices. 



Cc). , : alerial 




Mrs. C. H. Holtermann of Staten Island, N.Y. 



'It's nice to be a grandmother— even 3000 miles away" 



Here is what Mrs. C. H. Holtermann 
of Staten Island, New York, says: 

"Not long ago I received a tele- 
phone call from San Marino, Cal. It 
was my son and daughter-in-law and 
my fn c grandchildren. They all sent 
their greetings. 

"The youngest, a baby girl, laughed 
and I could hear her as distinctly as 
if she were at my side. 



"When a tiny voice can trav el 3000 
miles and he heard so plainly, it is 
ne.\t to a miracle. 

"You know, it's nice to be a grand- 
mother—even 3000 miles away." 

The family need never be far apart 
when there's a telephone nearby. It's 
the quick and easy way to keep in 
touch. Why not call them tonight? 

BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEM 



IX)NG DISTANCE RATES ARE IX)W 

Here are some examples: 

Pittsburgh to Cleveland 45«! 

Boston to Philadelphia lOt 

Atlanta to Cincinnati 85*; 

Dallas to Denver SI. 10 

San Marino, Cal., to New York . $2.00 

Thene am the Station-to-Slalion rates for the first three 
minutes, after 6 o'clock every night and all day Sunday. 
They do not include the /O^ federal excise lax. 

Call by Number. It's Twice nt Fanl. 






Her son 



His wife 



Dianne 



Sheri 



Heidi 



81 

Cci.., 



THE TRAVELERS AND ITS AGENTS AND BROKERS PRESENT... 

a plan to help the average man 

AMERICAN FAMILY 




<3H the TRP' 



Of all the values of American Family Life, 
none is more deep-rooted than these: a home 
in which love dwells, and joy of living . . . 
with inner peace and a serene outlook toward 
the future. 

Safeguarding these values is the thought- 
ful family man's first consideration. 

The Travelers representative, acting as 
your friend and counselor, stands ready to 
help you, with a program that includes Life 
insurance, protection for your home, personal 
possessions, your car . . . welcome funds in 
case of sickness or accident . . . and a means of 
providing money for your children's educa- 
tion and for pleasant retirement years. 




The sooner you start a well-planned Life insurance program, the less it 
costs. Your home-town Travelers agent is well equipped, by training and 
experience, to help you work out a program keyed to your income. Life 
insurance, fire insurance— in fact, all kinds of insurance. 



Your Travelers agenf represents the company that actually invented auto- 
mobile liability insurance. Let him explain bow a Travelers automobile in- 
surance policy gives you complete protection on your car against such unfore- 
seen hazards as personal liability, property damagf , collision, fire and theft. 



and his family acliieve 



NDEPENDENCE 



You and your family have more leisure time today than ever 
before. More time to do things together and have fun. 
You travel more, have more possessions to bring enjoyment to 
your leisure hours. 

You and your wife wisely talk about ways of safeguarding 
the family life values you enjoy and look forward to the day 
when you can retire. 

As a thoughtful man you take the time to work out these per- 
sonal problems— and you don't close your mind to the things 
that could happen in case of sickness, accident, fire or the possi- 
bility of your family having to carry on without you. 

Of all the people in your town, we can think of no one better 
qualified to counsel you on these problems than your Travelers 
representative. For his is the company that offers all kinds of 
insurance— a\] the safeguards for cherished family values. 



For example ... he can pattern a Travelers Life insurance pro- 
gram for you that will secure your family's future if you should 
die. Such a program automatically provides cash for emergencies. 
And, when the time comes to retire, the plan he works out for 
you helps make retirement possible. 

Your Travelers agent helps protect you in other ways, too. He 
can insure your home against fire and windstorm and burglars . . . 
your car against personal liability and property damage . . . and 
shield you from heavy expenses that can sometimes be devastating 
when illness occurs. 

There is a Travelers representative near you who will gladly 
counsel you on how to secure your family's independence and 
your peace of mind . . . with a program that is in line with your 
present income. Why don't you get in touch with him — before 
another day goes by? 



YOUR HOME-TOWN TRAVELiRS AGENT CAN SHOW YOU THE WAY TO AMERICAN FAMILY INDEPENDENCE 

THE TRAVELERS 



All forms of personal and 
business insurance including 
Life • Accident • Group • Fire 
Automobile • Casualty • Bonds 



INSURANCE COMPANIES, HARTFORD IS, CONN. 




Some people are surprised to learn that their Travelers agent can work 
out a complete and balanced insurance plan for them that can include 
practically ei'cry form of protection: accidents, sickness, children's educa- 
tion, life, burglary, fire, personal liability, personal possessions and so on. 




lofs of men used to think they couldn't retire until after 65. But you 
can set your own retirement age with a Travelers plan for American Family 
Independence. A short talk with your Travelers man will show you how 
early retirement can be achieved more easily than you thought possible. 



83 



I 



THE WINNING WAYS 




B4 ' Photographed for LIFE by ELIOT ELISOFON | 

Copyrighted materia 



OF WILLIE HARTACK 





Brains put 
baby-faced rider 
at the top 



For all their calrulatcd swagger and sureness,' 
the cock\ Utile inrn wlin ride rare tiorses have 
mdiiiciilury lapses. In the liurlv huilv of clang- 
ing bells and staiii|)cding hoofs at the start of 
a race their first instinct is to grab something — 
usually a handful of the horse's mane — and 
hang on. A fleeting pause like that is all that 
an opportunist like Willie Hartaek needs. By 
the time they get themselves tied on and 
ready to ride Willie has already gotten the 
jump on them {left). 

If he doesn't outhreak them at the gate, 
Willie generally outthinks or outrides them 
along the wav. 1-ast year he r<»de 417 winners. 
1 10 more than any other I'.S. jockey. Wherever 
he appeared Willie caused flurries and fluctua- 
tions. Hardened horse players, going with the 
trend, throw away their form sheets and say 
simply. Gimme two tickets on Hartack. ' His 
presence in a race throws odds out of kilter. A 
horse that figures to he 10 to 1 goes olTat half 
that price when people riding Willii-'s coattails 
gel through betting. "They'd bet." says one 
trainer, "if he was riding Mrs. O'Leary 's cow." 

The nation's top jockey conforms to few 
accepted standards for his trade. At 2?i. Willie 
has a choirboy's face and a trigger mind. Per- 
sonable and enthusiastic, he walks without 
strutting, talks without cussing ("Except to 
myself"). He neither drinks, smokes nor bets 
on horses. Other jockeys, who watch their 
weight, envy l()2-pound Willie's tapeworm ap- 
petite. "T eat what 1 want," he says, which is a 
snac k between every race plus whopping meals 
plus milkshakes. 

L'nlike most riders who take no pains to 
learn about a strange horse. Willie runs a test 
on the wav to the post. In a warmup gallop he 
discovers how his mount responds to the whip, 
whether to take a good hold on the reins or 
leave them loose, whether to pamper or man- 
handle. "Horses don't run any better for me 
than anvbodv <-lse." he says. ''1 just find out 
how they want to be ridden. ' 

\\ illie's businesslike approach leaves him 
little room for emotion; he feels no elation 
when he wins, \cither is he upset by the fact 
that he has never ridden in a Kentucky Derby. 

It s no acc(miplisbmenl to ride in the Derby," 
he says. "Not if you should happen to lose." 



UNCONCERNED WINNER, Willie Hartack 
siiow- no I'lalion after winning l(K)th race 
of year. lie shows emotion after losing one. 



MASTER IN THE MELEE nf starting gate. 

W illie ion grav horse) gels the jump on the 
field as tile race begins at Tropical Park, Fla. 




CONTINUED eS 

Copyrighted material 



WILLIE HARTACK continued 




PRIZED PLAYTHINGS, a Japiiar car. a speedboat ani) a Cailillae. are liouseil in 
mit^i/e«l fiarafie nti Harlark'- Vt'e^l \'iri:tiiia farrn. lie ilrive- fast ami fiirinii-h. 




a. 




ZEST FOR SPEED finds outlet on water skis at Cypress Ganiens, Fla. Although 
a Iwginner, his fine l>alance and coordination help him stay up on only one ski. 



Sudden money 
and rich fun 



Willie Hartack's life, though centered around 
horses, does not begin and end with them. An 
acquaintance says, "He's crazy over every- 
thing. You mention it and he likes it." With 
an income of about S130.000 a year he satisfies 
a craving for water sports, owns a Jaguar and 
talks of getting a helicopter. 

A coal miner's son. Willie did not know a 
race horse from a Shetland pony when he was 
graduated from Blacklick Township (Pa.) High. 
Since he was small and agile, a friend suggested 
he become a jockey and took him to his first 
race. It was run at (Charles Town. W. Va. after 
a snowstorm. Five horses fell and two jockeys 
were taken to the hospital. "Does this happen 
all the lime?" lie asked his friend. 

Reassured. Willie spent two strenuous years 
exercising horses, and then in 19.52, half scared 
to death, he rode his first race at Waterford 
Park, W. Va. "It was like getting caught in a 
thundering herd of elephants," he said after- 
ward. "I forgot to pull mv goggles down . . . 
all I could see was horses' behiiids." In his 
second race he forgot to pull his goggles down 
again. "I didn't know nothing from nothing," 
he admitted. But he had a plan. He would sim- 
ply follow Sammy Palumbo, an old jockey who 
knew his way around the track. 

Once again he forgot about goggles and with 
dirt flying and getting in his eyes he had trou- 
ble keeping track of Sammy. Half blinded, he 
fumbled with his goggles. When he looked up 
again, his horse had run clean past Sammy into 
the lead. "I just sat there and he won." In the 
next 10 weeks he w on 3,5 more races. A year lat- 
er, w ith money rolling in, he took his father out 
of the mines and put him in charge of a 170- 
acre farm he had bought near Charles Towa. 



FIRST BOSS and old friend, Junie Corbin, 
enjoys a visit from Willie at Charles Town, 



EARIY AT WORK at Tropical Park, Willie 
looks over a faulty boot as iiands do chores. 



86 




WILLIE HARTACK 



CONTINUED 




DISCUSSING MOUNTS, Ilartack im-cts at track 
with \^fnt (lhii:k Lini: (Irft) and Trainer CorMn. 




KILLING TIME U-lnre llie raws slnrtli>s Willie 
|ila\? linker t>u trunk in t-lntlcretl jockeys' room. 




GETTING INSTRUCTIONS, he liMen> tn Iraincr 
ItriiiiirieM wiiitiiu^ on Due de For (in rear). 




POWERFUL HANDS, uuc nf Ihulack's chief assets, transmit delicate messages 
to a horse's mouth. Here they lake a convrnlional cross-rein used by jockeys. 

A little man and his busy day 



Tlie first lime Willie Hartack rode eight races 
in the afttTiioon the ordeal exhausted hini. 
Now it is routine. When his agent. Chick Lnng, 
suggests that he ease off Willie retorts, "You 
just keep putting me on those horses." 

Haifa dozen fashionahle slahles want him as 
their regular jockey. But Willie prefers to he 
free to choose his mounts, and with his agent s 
help he just ahout does. \l the hig tracks Jock- 
ey f(?es are standard: $,'50 for first, for si'c- 
ond, for third, $20 for out of the money, 
plus a customary lionus for winning. Since 
Willie has his pick of the hest mounts his 
earning power is greatly enhanced. 

Because Willie is kept so husy, as these pic- 
ture? show, he has a highly efhcient routine. 
Each race seems run in the pattern of the one 



hefore. .\fter each finish he gives the judges 
the same salute, clinihs the same stairs to the 
jockeys' room, has the same five minutes to 
change colors {opposite page) and makes the 
same hurried descent to his next mount. 

The extraordinary thing ahout Willie is that 
he reinemhers everything ahout each of the 
1.702 races he rode last year. He supplements 
his lilc cahinet mind hy talking to Agent Lang 
on the walk hack to the jocks" room — and l^ng 
makes notes on his comments. 

Willie gels peeved when horsemen accuse 
him of not using enough whip. Being left- 
handed he hits on the side that cannot be 
seen from the stands, and always low . If a train- 
er mentions it, W illie points indignantly to the 
hor.se's rump (beloii ) and says, "Have a look." 




LATHERED FLANK nl iiu (/ Ijivaui -ixiu. t.i.L|. 
mark' .1- \\ illic. oir saddle, drives down slret<'li. 



GARISH SILKS surround Willie as he adjust- -lock 
lie hir one of nine costumes worn in a single day. 



Copyrighted n 




MALMO MAID MAKES GOOD 

High-powered beaiit> and publicity' land Anita Ekberg in *War and Peace' 



Of all ihp monumental things about the production of War and 
Pence just finiiilipd in Rome, not the least is Anita Ekherg (sec 
cover). Miss Ekberg, who is 5 fool 7, has a 39' 2 bust. 23 waist 
and 36 hips, plays the role of Tolstoy's Princess Hclcne, and 
for her it is the first l)ig break so far in a film career that started 
promisingly four years ago and got almost nowhere. 

Coming to the U.S. as the "Beautiful Maid of Malmo" (Life, 
Oct. 8, 1951), 20-year-old "Miss Sweden," a professional model 



and guest at tin* contest, stole the Miss America show at Allan- 
tie ("itv. But on a subse(|uent trip to Hollywood she ral<'d oidy 
bit parts in three films, studio stills ami gossip. An intensive 
promotion drive by a producer ami a lucky break when the 
actress originallv slated for the part look sick — got her the Trin- 
cess Ilelenc role. For lending her out her pn>diicer got a fee of 
$20,001) from the Italian makers of War nnil Pence, will get a 
reported SfO.OOO fee lor her next film and $7.S,000 for a third. 



Feel 'guilty" about 
your ap petite ? 



Sugar can 
help you 
control it! 

Your appetite is 
directly related to your 
body's need for energy 

Sugar supplies energy 
— satisfies appetite faster 
than any other food 

By helping to overcome 
hunger that leads to over- 
eating, sugar can save you 
more calories than 
artificial sweeteners do 



"Scientific Nibbles"— a new way to more effective weight control 




Weight control is a lot easier and more likely to 
be permanent when your diet includes sugar. 

You know from experience that when you have 
a sweet just before a meal it's a lot easier to stay 
satisfied on smaller portions— to turn down 
second helpings. 

New research at a leading university has found 
a reason why sugar helps to keep your appetite 
satisfied on less food — one that makes the "Scien- 
tific Nibble" a key part of newer weight-control 
diets. 

Low blood sugar level — big appetite 

The body's most basic need is for energy. Energy 
to work, to play, to act ... to keep the heart 
beating. This energy comes from sugar in the 
blood stream, which in turn, comes from food. 

The food that raises your blood sugar level the 
fastest — supplies energy in its most quickly and 
readily used form — is sugar itself. 

This requirement for energy is so important, 
and so constant, that nature warns your brain 
and your body against shortage: you not only get 
tired, you get hungry. 

The practical appUcation of this new knowledge 
to the problem of weight control has been to give 



people a simple, natural way to curb their appe- 
tites. A little snack before a meal raises your blood 
sugar level, helps to keep you from getting "too 
hungry to hold back" at mealtimes. 

Quick way to curb hunger 

A leading authority on nutrition calls these 
hunger-pacifying snacks "Scientific Nibbles." 

Your "Scientific Nibble" should be something 
that you would ordinarily eat at a regular meal 
—such as the grapefruit shown in the picture 
above. Or, it could be a refreshing soft drink 
containing sugar, a cookie, or simply a spoonful 
of sugar in your coffee or tea. This same authority 
suggests a piece of pie in the late afternoon in- 
stead of dessert at the evening meal. Since arti- 
ficial sweeteners, in pills or any other form, supply 
no energy, and have no effect on the blood sugar 
level, they cannot help you to overcome hunger. 

Revive energy — spend your calories 

By making it a part of your regular mid-morning 
and mid-afternoon energy break, your "Scientific 
Nibble" also relieves fatigue that slows you down 
to "low gear." By helping to keep you operating 



at peak efficiency, sugar helps you use up calories 
instead of storing them up. 



18 CALORIES 

Surprise you that there are only 18 calories 
in a level teaspoonful of sugar? {Some people 
we asked guessed as high as 600.) You'll nor- 
mally use up as many calories 
as you can get in a teaspoon- 
ful of sugar every 7H minutes! 



All statements in 
this messiiRtf apply 
to both cunc and 
beet BUgnr and arc 
based an nutrition- 
ally accepted 
fact«i. 




SUGAR INFORMATION, INC. 
New York 5, New York 



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92 



MALMO MAID 



CONTINUED 



GROWING UP IN SWEDEN 




Anita Ekhcrg, with «ix brothers 
and a sieter, had an untroubled 
pniviiieial Swedish childhood, 
lullled only slightly when Anita 
left school to become a hair-do 
model. Her parents objected hut " 
later pave in. Anita came face' 
to face with her future when a 
Mis? Sweden conte^t seoul ap- 
proached her on a Malinii street 
with an entry blank. Thinking 
he was just another masher, she 
turned him down. Then she re- 
considered and won the title.' 



AM I \. I' Willi INK ItltorilKK 




IN I'm ANHA (CK.NTEK) Al IKMIKII HKSI CU.MiMlNION IN lIKH CilLIIOII 




Ccpvr 



How to get as much as 

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Acts on True Basic Principle 

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You, too, may feel lush drowsiness coming over 



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get out of bed alert, invigorated, ready for anything! 
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No other tablet in the world acts more safely to 
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NO PRESCRIPTION NEEDED 



NYTOL 
Tabids are 
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prescription. ^ 

SAFE! 

Non-Habit-Forming 



""'M.i 




AMAZ/^G^ A/£IA/, SA^£ 

MTOL 



Cci 



MALMO MAID CONTINUED 




Doctors Prove Ayds Best and Satest in Tests . 
on 240 Overweight Women and iVIen ! 



Aj'ds users lose almost twice as ^'*» Drusf or Diet — No "Hunper Panps"! 

many pounds ! It's easy! With ayds, you lose weight 

In a weU-kiu.«u New England clinic, ,1^'! Mature intended yon to. 

doctors tested lour diHerent reducing Jirc. ted, this 

methods: bulk wafers, lozenges, pills delicii.iis low-calorie mnrfv-ennched 

—and modern ayds. The 210 men ^'■'"'^ hc allh-givnig vnamnis and mm- 

and women who parlicipaled were crals-^curhs your craving for fattcn- 

tested under carclulivconlrolledclini- '""'l*- let you eat all you want, 

cal conditions. Those who took AYD.S Hunger pangs don t bother you! 

averaged the grealeM weight loss— automatically eat less and lose 

almost tuke as many pounds as the "i'tural'.v. Palely, quickly, 

second product! iNol only that — the <;iiaranii-c<l lo Work fi>r Vou! 

people who took AYUS had no nervous- Manv AYDS users — with their very 

ncss, sleeplessness, or unpleasant first box — happily report losing up to 

"side effects"! \n actual reprint of ten pounds or more. In fact, with the 

this Medical Report will he sent to easy ayds Reducing Plan, vou must 

your physician at his request. He lose weight with vour first box ($2.98), 

should write: CAMPANA, Box MD, or your money back. At all leading 

Batayia, Illinois. drug and department stores. 





AM'IA'S l-lll-^'l I'MM. .,- ,1 t liini-r n-lup;- IV.iTTi HciU in «/<;,»/ ■llley. 
gave her a <-haiHT t<i uci. ^incc >lic \uii r >\(h»I liat ami (i^iiiri'-nmcraliiig coverall. 




IM A LA I KK I'Altl', ill i'aramcimil's Artists ami .l/rWi /,v. Anna ap|(eared 
briefl\ IhiI so iiicinorably that il? producer t>fiiigiit a pari of her c<mlract. 



CONTINUED 

Copyrighted malerisl _ 



COLDS! EVEN VIRUS COLDS! 

Newly Discovered Compound Of Medicines For Control Of Cold Suffering Lets You 

Throw Off Effects Better ! 
Break Them Up Faster ! 
Shorten The Time You Suffer ! 








• 

m i 





Most people can't stay in bed with colds— they've got to get 
on the job. New Super Anahist Cold Tablets help you feel 
better- look better— work belter, even when you have a 
virus cold. 



Super Anahist helps lower fever, relieves pain of headache 
and muscles, shrinks swollen membranes— actually breaks up 
ctTccts of colds better. You can go your way without that 
snitTling, sneezing misery. 



ANAHIST^ 



® 



helps defeat fever, sneezing, aching effects of Virus Colds! 



Here, at long last, is the medical answer to the suffer- 
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of five cold-fighting wonder drugs, never before con- 
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Results are amazing! Super Anahist helps fight the 
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a virus cold. Super Anahist helps put back in your 
blood what the virus drains away— helps lower fever 
— reduce pains — even shrinks swollen membranes. 
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carry those ugly signs of a cold to your job. Super 
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unpleasant nasal discharge and sneezing. 

Best of all, you can work better without that dragged- 



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Be prepared, if the cold virus attacks your family. 
Get safe, effective Super Anahist Tablets. Bottles of 
20, 98c. Special Children's Size Tablets, 32 for 98!!. 




Only Super Anahist combines precious, resistance-building 
Vitamin C into this effective formula. That's important — 
because the vast majority of people follow diets deficient in 
this vitamin. 



GUARANTEE 

We believe that new SUPER ANAHIST is the most 
effective product of its kind on the market today, 
and guarantee its results. 

If SUPER ANAHIST does not satisfy you completely, 
return the unused portion to the Anahist Co., Inc., 
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be refunded. 




IN ALL STACIS 

SIMPLE HEADACHES 
HAY FEVER 



REGULAR OR 
CHILDREN'S SIZE 



And on Nasql Spray, Cough Syrup or ChesI Rub — the name Super Anahist means "Best Medicine for Cold's Distress'! 



MALMO MAID continued 





PRE-ELECTRIC 
SHAVE LOTION 



lOO 

A NO FED. TAX 
SHULTON NEW YORK • TORONTO 



ON A 'RUSSIAN' LOCATION 




AT A MAKE-LP SESSION on War ami Peace spt in Rdinc. rcllow aclress 
Audrry Hepburn, who plays lead, stands behind Anita and playfully kibitzes. 




MOCNTEU ON A NAG used in Napolcim's relreat from Moscow in film, 
Anita on her off hours rides through a Moscow square built on huge Rome lot. 




TENSE NERVOUS 
HEADACHES 

call for 
STRONGER Yet SAFER 

ANACIIi 

Won't Upset 
The Stomach 

Anacin not only gives 
stronger, faster relief 
from pain of headache, 
but is also safer. Won't 
upset the stomach and 
has no bad effects. You see, Anacin is like 
a doctor's prescription. That is, Anacin 
contains not just one but a combinafion of 
medically proven, active ingredients. 
Scientific reseorch hos proved no s'mgle 
drug can give such strong yet such safe 
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INDIGESTION 
VANISHES! 

New Mint$/ Medically Proven 
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The very instant they reach your stomach thet* 
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iihesi That's becouse new BiSoDoL" Mints con- 
tain incredibly fast BiSoDoL medication — the 
kind doctors recommend. Don't suffer octd 
Indigeition. Fl-cI wonderful foit with new 
BiSoDoL Mints. At oil drug counters. 



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ond 



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For Home • Office • Cor 
"Peter Pine" - "Scent Sover" 
35^' "Cor-Ffcshner" 

AT DeALCRS eVERYWHBUe 
Car-Freshner Corporation, Watertown, N. Y. 



BUNIONS A 

Get tlu'^ super- fast relief. Lifts 
pjiinful shoo pressure, soothes, 
cushions, protects the sensitive 
epot. Ask for the Bunion size. 



moitPrScho/ls Zinopads 



SORE 




Swallow without pain 
in minutes. . . insist on 

inhistofiL 

THROAT UOZENOES ^ 

•Sort I ntoat Du> to Colds, Eiceuin SmoMng or SpoiMoi 




No need to add milk to new Carnation 
Chocolate Drink Discovery! 

Complete with water! Delicious hot or cold ! Mixes instantly 

FLAVOR CHIL.OREN LOVEI Nourishment children 
need-in new Carnation ]M3^iC C^'yStalS 

Just add water-bursts into chocolate-creamy goodness! 

HERE'S AUI- YOU DOI Simply add these wonderful 
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P. S. May be mixed with milk for dovble nutrition. 
NO EXTRAS TO BUY-SAVES YOUR REGULAR MILK SUPPLY! 



ALREADY IN IT- 

all the protein, calcium and 
B-vitamin« of fresh, whole miii< I 





AND FORTIFIED, TOO! 

with extra sunshine vitamin D, 
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COMPLETE, INSTANTI 
DELICIOUS HOT OR COLD! 

A wonderful hot breakfast or 
bedtime drini< for the whole familyl 



Cl 



aerial 



I 




1 





HELEN HAVES TOSSES AN AFFECITONATK SAI.iriK TO THE 1.500 AI)^^l<Klts WHO I'AHl HER HOMAGE AS "FIRST LADY OF U.S. STAGE" 



A GRAND NIGHT FOR HELEN 

Supersliiny assemblage of stage notables celebrates Miss Hayes's 30 theater years 

The peak of llie evening was a glorified vaudeville, witli noled aelors 
impcrsonaling older stars and doing short interludes from famous plays 
thai had been put on in the U.S. during Miss Hayes's half-cenlury reign. 
Some of them are shown on the next page. .Mtogcther the line tragic 
aetors, slapstick comedians and musical comedy queens made a living 
history of .\merican theater. After watching the performance unfold like 
pages in a memory book, happy Helen said, "1 would like to go into a 
dark cave for a month just to relive it all. I'm so afraid it may get lost." 



The most resplendent assemblage of stage notables in the history of 
Broadway met two weeks ago to throw a party for the American theater's 
most celebrated star, Helen Hayes. Honoring her 50 years as an actress, 
the big party overflowed the ballroom of New York's Waldorf-Astoria. 
Tickets were S-SO apiece and the 830,000 profit went to the American 
Theater Wing to help support its school and public services. But in 
everybody's mind it w as Helen's show, triumphantly, from its jazzy hymn 
of homage at the start {iwloii-) to its surprising and sentimental finish. 



HELEN WATCHES FROM THRONE AT RIGHT « HH.E MOSS HART, BY BIRTHDAY CAKE AT LEFT, d'ENS THE SHOW AS CHORUS SINGS OUT, "HAIL, QUEEN HELEN' 




HELEN'S NIGHT continued 



OLD TIMES RENEWED AND A FAMIEY FINISH 




AS SAKAII IlEKMIARDT at curtain 
call iif Pliriln- (im.i). Fli.rcticf Reed 
acted jjreat French star with lame leg, 
bowed slifTly and said, ''Mcrci beaiicoiip." 




AS KVA ■I'ATSGIIAY, dynamic vaude- 
ville headliner and a star in The Ziegfeld 
Follies (1909). June Havoc laced into 
Eva's cclcliraled number. / finn't Care. 




AS WEBER AND FIELDS in vaude- 
ville act (1913). Smith and Dale trailed 
wisecracks. In 1909 Miss Hayes made 
Broadway stage debut with Lew Fields. 




AS ELSIE JAMS, who was called the 
"Sweetheart of AEF" in World War I 
(1917). Jaiu^ Fronian stt^pped the show 
with Georfze VI. Cohan's hit Over There. 





■-IIK llOAItS Wi l li (;I.KK. sons SIM I \I1:M AI.I.V (Hl.l.<>«) AT WEUEIt AND Fil l. lis 



AS OTIS SKLNNEK in Merchant of 
Venice (1932), Michael Redgrave played 
Sliylock willi Morris Carnovsky (right). 
Miss Hayes acted in Merchant in 1938. 




AS KATHARINE CORNELL in her 
first starrinj; rede in Michael Arlen's The 
Green Hal (192.5), Patricia Neal acted the 
worldly heroine who comes to a bad end. 





BIGGKST Sl'KPRlSK. which ahiiosi Hooreii Helen, was the famous shaviiif; 
scene from her I)i^est success. / ii toria Rr^ina ( 1 '>.H5). Her rnh' <►! Queen \ ictnria 
was taken hy Mary Martin s ilanjzhler Heller and Prince Allierl was plaveij hy 
Helen's sun Jamie. This was onK '-erne rti w hich Helen herself was ini[M'rs(»nale(K 



IIEVHTKLKT KISS is liiven hy Helen to son alter his act cnnclmieil >hi>w at 
2:-l'* a.m. Jarnic al !H i- >lill in scIkmiI. has acl4*<! in sutiuner theaters anil on TV. 
He wants to carry on theatrical Iraililion of his mother ami father. Playwright 
Charle- \lac.\rthur, has nul ilccided wliether to Iw actor, Jireclor or producer. 







BIRD IN MRS. HUBBARD'S CUPBOARD 



Tfirt'C years ago a young scrt'ccli owl toppled out of lier 
home in a Florida palm and into (he lives of the Wyiiant 
Huhhards of Miami. Mrs. Huhhard reared her on ground 
meat, letluee and an ocea.'^ional shrimp, named her Botsina. 
Bot.sina flits about the house, poking her beak into cvery- 
ihiiig. Her one frustration has been the refrigerator, which 



is invariably closed. Rcrenllv, however, she found it being 
defrosted and flew in. .Mrs. Huhbard ran to the next room 
for her camera and photographed her pet as Botsina, her 
claws reflected in the glass shelf, peered owlishly out at 
her. Then she removed her from the refrigerated cup- 
board before Botsina, fresh from a bath, could catch cold. 




Copyrighted n 



I: 



Light up a Lucky 

it's light-up time! 

TIME OUT for a Lucky. Perfect time to enjoy the cigarette 
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m 

IT'S 
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to taste 
better! 




LUCKIES TASTE BETTER 

CLEANER. FRESHER. SMOOTHER! 



®A.ICo. PKODUCT OF J'^nMA^^fOm i/o^xJOBt^'^rryxci^t^ 



AMERICA'S LEADING MANUFACTURER OF CIGARETTES 



f 




1 :3 



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At home, or when dining out, as he did aith Gen. Scott at Bouianfler's famous restaurant in 
Wash., D. C, Senator Claij tooh pleasure in introducing his guests to his faoorite bourbon, Old Croto. 





(^^///^/r^' fj/m^// (^Off/^m ////-J^r^ 

From the day it was created on the Kentucky frontier back in 1835, Old Crow 
was marked for greatness. Today, you may share in the glories of its past, 
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er 86 Proof bottling, or in the world-renowned 100 Proof Bottled in Bond. 



NOW-TWO GREAT BOTTLINGS! 

Today available in a milder, lower-priced 
86 Proof bottling as a companion to tite historic 
100 Proof Bottled in Bond 




THE OLD CROW DISTILLERY COMPANY, DIVISION OF NATIONAL DISTILLERS PRODUCTS CORPORATION, FRANKFORT, KENTUCKY 



Cl